Chapter 15:Miscellaneous tests/treatment

Question 1

arteriography is

Answer 1

peructaneous puncture of superficial artery

insertion of thin catheter

Question 2

most common arteries used for arteriography

Answer 2

CFA
axillary
brachial

Question 3

ateriography technique

Answer 3

contrast injected into catheter flows with moving blood 
gives picture of lumen
uses fluoro
cath removed
pt must remain supine 6-8 hours

Question 4

arteriography interpretation

Answer 4

based on how much of artery fills
plaque appears irregular or smooth
no filling seen with occlusion

Question 5

fibromuscular dysplasia on arteriography

Answer 5

string of beads

multiple arterial stenoses caused by medial hyperplasia

Question 6

vasospasm on arteriography

Answer 6

severe narrowing without occlusion

Question 7

complications of arteriography

Answer 7

hematoma at puncture site
pseudo
local arterial occlusion
neurologic complications

Question 8

MR angiography (MRA)

Answer 8

MRI quantitate blood flow and construct images that look like angiograms
flowing blood well distinguished from soft tissue without using contrast

Question 9

limitations of MRA

Answer 9

can overestimate stenosis due to slow flow or turbulence

Question 10

MRA is useful for

Answer 10

AAA
dissections
peripheral artery evaluation

Question 11

CT for arteries

Answer 11

uses ionizing radiation

IV contrast

Question 12

CT is good for

Answer 12

size of aorta
extent and size of aneursyms
defining relationship of aorta to renal artery origins

Question 13

endarterectomy

Answer 13

surgical removal of plaque

Question 14

bypass graft

Answer 14

provides alternate pathway for blood to travel when significant stenosis is present

Question 15

common bypass grafts

Answer 15

aorta to both iliacs (used for AAA)
aorta to bifemoral (AAA)
femoral to popliteal
femoral to PTA, to ATA, to peroneal

Question 16

angioplasty is

Answer 16

used to dilate focal plaque formation in vessel
percutaneous transluminal angioplasty PTLA
balloon catheter injected into vessel and inflated to widen vessel lumen

Question 17

angioplasty is usually performed in vessels with

Answer 17

focal stenosis

renal, iliac, femoral, pop arteries

Question 18

complications of angioplasty

Answer 18

complications occur in less than 5% of cases
minor discomfort
mobidity, mortality, and costs are low

Question 19

Intravascular Ultrasound IVUS

Answer 19

US probe at tip of cather provides image of vessels from inside-out

Question 20

IVUS is used to

Answer 20

eval plaque formation
post procedure to asses need for further treatment
determine correct placement of stent
identify ao dissection

Question 21

stent/graft is used

Answer 21

to maintain intraluminal structure/ patency of artery

used in aorta, renal, iliac, formoral, repair of AAA,

Question 22

limitations of stent placement

Answer 22

abdominal gas
pt cant lie flat
complications similar to arteriography

Question 23

complications of stents

Answer 23

restenosis due to intimal hyperplasia
stent migration
graft limb compressing
twisting
dislodgment
endoleaks

Question 24

doppler near a stent

Answer 24

flow acceleration post stent possible