Chapter 23 - Bleeding

Question 1

A young male was shot in the abdomen by an unknown type of gun. He is semiconscious, has shallow breathing, and is bleeding externally from the wound. As you control the external bleeding, your partner should:
Select one:
A. assist the patient's ventilations.
B. apply a nonrebreathing mask.
C. obtain baseline vital signs.
D. perform a secondary assessment.

Answer 1

A. assist the patient’s ventilations.

Question 2

Bleeding from the nose following head trauma:
Select one:
A. should be assumed to be caused by a fractured septum.
B. should be controlled by packing the nostril with gauze.
C. is a sign of a skull fracture and should not be stopped.
D. is usually due to hypertension caused by the head injury.

Answer 2

C. is a sign of a skull fracture and should not be stopped.

Question 3

During transport of a 40-year-old female with acute abdominal pain, you note that she has stopped talking to you and has become extremely diaphoretic. You should:
Select one:
A. repeat the primary assessment.
B. perform a secondary assessment.
C. assess the quality of her pulse.
D. begin assisting her ventilations.

Answer 3

A. repeat the primary assessment.

Question 4

Following blunt trauma to the abdomen, a 21-year-old female complains of left upper quadrant abdominal pain with referred pain to the left shoulder. Your assessment reveals that her abdomen is distended and tender to palpation. On the basis of these findings, you should be MOST suspicious of injury to the:
Select one:
A. liver.
B. pancreas.
C. gallbladder.
D. spleen.

Answer 4

D. spleen.

Question 5

Gastrointestinal bleeding should be suspected if a patient presents with:
Select one:
A. dyspnea.
B. hematemesis.
C. hematuria.
D. hemoptysis.

Answer 5

B. hematemesis.

Question 6

Hypovolemic shock occurs when:
Select one:
A. the patient’s systolic blood pressure is less than 100 mm Hg.
B. the body cannot compensate for rapid blood loss.
C. at least 10% of the patient’s blood volume is lost.
D. the clotting ability of the blood is enhanced.

Answer 6

B. the body cannot compensate for rapid blood loss.

Question 7

Significant vital sign changes will occur if the typical adult acutely loses more than \_\_\_\_\_\_ of his or her total blood volume.
Select one:
A. 10%
B. 5%
C. 20%
D. 15%

Answer 7

C. 20%

Question 8

Whether you are using a commercial device or a stick and triangular bandage as a tourniquet, it is important to remember that:
Select one:
A. bulky dressings should be securely applied over the tourniquet to further assist in controlling the bleeding.
B. the tourniquet should be applied directly over a joint if possible because this provides better bleeding control.
C. the tourniquet should only be removed at the hospital because bleeding may return if the tourniquet is released.
D. you should try to control the bleeding by applying pressure to a proximal arterial pressure point first.

Answer 8

C. the tourniquet should only be removed at the hospital because bleeding may return if the tourniquet is released.

Question 9

Which of the following organs can tolerate inadequate perfusion for up to 2 hours?
Select one:
A. kidneys
B. heart
C. skeletal muscle
D. brain

Answer 9

C. skeletal muscle

Question 10

Which organ or organ system has the greatest tolerance for lack of perfusion (shock)?
Select one:
A. Skeletal muscle
B. Brain
C. Gastrointestinal system
D. Kidneys

Answer 10

C. Gastrointestinal system