Chapter 18 - Immunologic Emergencies

Question 1

Anaphylaxis caused by stinging insects is typically an allergic reaction to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ rather than the bite or sting itself.
Select one:
A. injected poison
B. irritating toxin
C. deadly venom
D. All of the above

Answer 1

D. All of the above

Question 2

At the site of the injury, signs and symptoms of an animal or insect bite or sting may include pain, localized heat, and a wheal, which appears as __________.
Select one:
A. a raised, well-defined area of the skin
B. a series of small, raised pustules
C. an uncomfortable depression in the skin
D. a large area of red, blotchy skin

Answer 2

D. a large area of red, blotchy skin

Question 3

Care for a victim of an immunologic emergency who is severely hypotensive should include which of the following?
Select one:
A. Routine spinal immobilization due to the potential for traumatic injury.
B. Initiate basic life support measures, including the use of an automated, external defibrillator, if necessary.
C. Apply high-flow oxygen therapy, place the patient in a shock position and help maintain the patient’s body temperature.
D. Position the patient’s airway and initiate positive pressure ventilations.

Answer 3

C. Apply high-flow oxygen therapy, place the patient in a shock position and help maintain the patient’s body temperature.

Question 4

Chemicals that are responsible for the signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction to a bee sting include:
Select one:
A. adrenaline and histamines.
B. histamines and leukotrienes.
C. the bee venom itself.
D. leukocytes and epinephrine.

Answer 4

B. histamines and leukotrienes.

Question 5

Epinephrine stimulates the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ response, increasing blood pressure and relieving bronchospasm.
Select one:
A. sympathetic
B. parasympathetic
C. respiratory
D. cardiac

Answer 5

A. sympathetic

Question 6

Immediately after administering an epinephrine injection, you should:
Select one:
A. reassess the patient’s vital signs.
B. notify medical control of your action.
C. record the time and dose given.
D. properly dispose of the syringe.

Answer 6

D. properly dispose of the syringe.

Question 7

The foreign substance responsible for causing an allergic reaction is called a(n):
Select one:
A. allergen.
B. histamine.
C. antibody.
D. leukotriene.

Answer 7

A. allergen.

Question 8

The two MOST common signs of anaphylaxis are:
Select one:
A. hypertension and swollen hands.
B. watery eyes and localized itching.
C. expiratory stridor and tachycardia.
D. wheezing and widespread urticaria.

Answer 8

D. wheezing and widespread urticaria.

Question 9

Which of the following signs/symptoms are indicative of respiratory involvement of an allergic reaction?
Select one:
A. Flushed, itching, or burning skin
B. A sense of impending doom
C. Tightness in the chest or throat
D. All of the above

Answer 9

C. Tightness in the chest or throat

Question 10

While auscultating breath sounds of a patient who was stung multiple times by a yellow jacket, you hear bilateral wheezing over all lung fields. This indicates:
Select one:
A. narrowing of the bronchioles in the lungs.
B. a significant amount of fluid in the alveoli.
C. enlargement of the bronchioles in the lungs.
D. rapid swelling of the upper airway tissues.

Answer 10

A. narrowing of the bronchioles in the lungs.