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Anatomy > Chapter 22 The Heart > Flashcards

Chapter 22 The Heart Flashcards

1
Q

vessels that take blood away from the heart

A

ARTERIES

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2
Q

vessels that bring blood back to the heart

A

VEINS

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3
Q

arteries and veins that enter and leave the heart

A

GREAT VESSELS

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4
Q

Blood flow through the heart is

A

unidirectional

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5
Q

The right side pumping blood to the lungs is called

A

PULMONARY Circulation

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6
Q

The left side pumps blood to the tissues of the body and is called

A

SYSTEMIC Circulation

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7
Q

the pressure of the blood pushing against the walls of the vessels

A

Blood Pressure

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8
Q

pressure of the pulmonary circulation is Low in relation to

A

pressure of the systemic circulation

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9
Q

Pulmonary Circulation carries blood from

A

the right side of the heart to the lungs then to the left side of the heart

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10
Q

Systemic Circulation carries blood from

A

the left side of the heart to the tissues of the body then to the right side of the heart

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11
Q

The heart is enclosed in a tough sac called

A

Pericardium

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12
Q

The Heart is located within the pseudo-cavity of

A

The Mediastinum

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13
Q

The outer layer of the Mediastinum

A

Fibrous Pericardium

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14
Q

The inner layer of the Mediastinum

A

Serous Pericardium

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15
Q

The Serous Pericardium and has two layers

A

Parietal Layer
Visceral Layer

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16
Q

Between the Parietal Layer and the Visceral layer is

A

Pericardial Cavity

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17
Q

The serous layer is so tightly associated with the surface of the heart that it becomes

A

Epicardium

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18
Q

-the outer layer, formed from the visceral layer of the pericardium

A

Epicardium

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19
Q

the middle layer of the heart wall, made up entirely of Cardiac Muscle Tissue

A

Myocardium

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20
Q

the inner layer of the hear wall, composed of Areolar Connective Tissue

A

Endocardium

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21
Q

receives blood from the body

A

Right Atrium

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22
Q

receives blood from the lungs

A

Left Atrium

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23
Q

pumps blood to the lungs

A

Right Ventricle

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24
Q

pumps blood to the body

A

Left Ventricle

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25
Q

What groove on the surface of the heart separates the atria from ventricles

A

Coronary Sulcus

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26
Q

The two ventricles are separated from each other anteriorly by

A

the Anterior Interventricular Sulcus

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27
Q

The two ventricles are separated from each other posteriorly by

A

the Posterior Interventricular Sulcus

28
Q

Separates the atria from the ventricles inside the heart

A

fibrous skeleton

29
Q

It provides Structural Support
and Electrical Insulation between the atria and the ventricles

A

fibrous skeleton

30
Q

Right Atrium Receives venous blood from what three veins

A

Superior Vena Cava
Inferior Vena Cava
Coronary Sinus

31
Q

Receives venous blood from head, neck, upper limbs and superior regions of the trunk

A

Superior Vena Cava

32
Q

Receives venous blood from Lower Thoracic, Abdominal Cavity, and lower appendages

A

Inferior Vena Cava

33
Q

Receives venous blood from heart wall

A

Coronary Sinus

34
Q

What type of blood is flowing through the Right Atrium

A

Deoxygenated Blood

35
Q

When the pressure in the Right Ventricle becomes greater than the pressure in the Right Atrium, the Right Atrioventricular Valve

A

Closes

36
Q

When the pressure in the Right Ventricle is Lower than the pressure in the Right Atrium, the Right Atrioventricular Valve

A

Open

37
Q

The Right and Left Ventricles are separated by

A

Interventricular Septum

38
Q

Large, irregular muscle ridges found on the inner walls of each ventricle

A

Trabeculae Carneae

39
Q

cords of fibrous connective tissue that attach to cusps in the atrioventricular valves

A

Chordae Tendineae

40
Q

Chordae Tendineae also attach to what muscles in the floor of the Ventricles

A

Papillary Muscles

41
Q

Do the cords and muscles in the heart open or close the valves of the heart

A

They do not open or close the valves. This is done entirely by pressure changes in the chambers.

42
Q

What marks the end of the Right Ventricle

A

Pulmonary Semilunar Valve

43
Q

What marks the beginning of the Pulmonary Trunk

A

Pulmonary Semilunar Valve

44
Q

the Pulmonary Trunk bifurcates into the right and left

A

Right & Left Pulmonary Arteries

45
Q

The smooth area next to the Right & Left Pulmonary Arteries

A

Conus Arteriosus

46
Q

The Pulmonary Semilunar Valve is opened when the pressure in the Right Ventricle becomes

A

Greater than the pressure in the Pulmonary Trunk.

47
Q

Oxygenated blood leaves the Lungs and travels to the Left Atrium by way of

A

Pulmonary Veins

48
Q

The Left Atrium is separated from the Left Ventricle by

A

Left Atrioventricular Valve AKA bicuspid or mitral valve

49
Q

This valve is opened and closed by the change in pressures between the Left Atrium and Left Ventricle

A

Left Atrioventricular Valve AKA bicuspid or mitral valve

50
Q

The Left Ventricle pumps blood to the entire body except

A

Lungs

51
Q

Separating the Left Ventricle from the Aorta is

A

Aortic Semilunar Valve

52
Q

this is opened when the pressure in the Left Ventricle exceeds the pressure in the Aorta

A

Aortic Semilunar Valve

53
Q

the wall of the Left Ventricle is how many times thicker than the wall of the Right Ventricle

A

3

54
Q

What are the only source of oxygenated blood for the heart?

A

Coronary Arteries

55
Q

The Right and Left Coronary Arteries are the first and only branches off of

A

the Ascending Aorta

56
Q

The Right Coronary Artery branches into

A

Right Marginal Artery
Posterior Interventricular Artery

57
Q

The Left Coronary Artery branches into

A

Anterior Interventricular Artery
Circumflex Artery

58
Q

The three Coronary Veins

A

Great Cardiac Vein
Middle Cardiac Vein
Small Cardiac Vein

59
Q

All the Coronary Veins drain into

A

Coronary Sinus

60
Q

The Coronary Sinus drains into

A

the Right Atrium

61
Q

The ability of the Heart to generate its own electrical impulses that lead to contraction is called?

A

Autorhythmicity

62
Q

The electrical impulse starts in the Sinoatrial Node, located

A

in the roof of the Right Atrium, near the entrance of the Superior Vena Cava

63
Q

How long is the impulse delay from the Sinoatrial Node to the Atrioventricular Node located in the floor of the Right Atrium

A

0.1 second

64
Q

When a Chamber contracts it is called

A

Systole

65
Q

when the Chamber relaxes it is called

A

Diastole

66
Q

The Sympathetic Branch also innervates the Ventricles to

A

increase the force of the Heartbeat

67
Q

The Parasympathetic Branch has

A

no influence on the force of the Heartbeat

Anatomy (25 decks)

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