Chapter 22: The control of the Grand Empire Flashcards

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1
Q

What did Napoleon want for the administration of the Empire?

A
  • destroy privilege
  • enforce Napoleonic codes
  • efficient centralised power among whole Empire
  • same judiciary, legislature etc.
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2
Q

What did Napoleon introduce to parts of the Empire in terms of administration?

A
  • bureaucracy of prefects, tax collectors gendarmes etc. established
  • territories that are part of greater France (Pays Reunis) eg. Rhine, Belgium have departements and administration centred in Paris
  • other territories not under direct French control more varied (Pays Conquis and Allies)
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3
Q

Who did Napoleon employ to administrate parts of Empire? Were they effective?

A
  • employed Imperial administrators from incorporated territories who had a stake in the regime so would be loyal, many had experience
  • varied in quality as some were honest and others were corrupt tax collectors etc. looking for profit
  • sometimes N hired men humiliated in Paris to get them out of the way
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4
Q

Why were the gendarmerie introduced to the greater Empire? Were they effective?

A
  • Gendarmerie used to reinforce power and authority of central govt. so no opposition against French rule
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5
Q

What was the 3 frontier system?

A
  • Pays Reunis: governed by Paris and loyal + well integrated into French rule
  • Pays Conquis: conquered, independent countries ruled by people approved by N
  • Pay Allies: fully independent countries bought under N’s control
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6
Q

What was Napoleon’s main economic policy? Why is it short sighted?

A
  • ‘France first’ which squeezed revenue out of satellite states by removing internal customs barriers etc.
  • they couldn’t be self sufficient and the economies may collapse, can’t provide for Empire in long term
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7
Q

What were dotations?

A
  • gifts of land passed down to impose Napoleonic rule taken from church or ex-rulers of land
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8
Q

How are the satellite state’s economies affected by the trade economic policies of Napoleon?

A
  • mixed results
  • as could only sell raw materials and food to French as couldn’t develop in certain industries as it would compete with France
  • non-French manufacturers suffered as lost trade
  • Belgium textile industry improved as don’t compete with Britain
  • Rhine improved mining
  • manufacturers can’t import new British technology
  • silk industry suffered
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9
Q

How is the Empire affected by Napoleon’s tax revenue changes?

A
  • increased efficiency as in Naples over 100 taxes replaced with a single tax + Holland land tax at lower rather than agricultural profits to help wealthy merchants
  • maximise tax revenue, decrease self sufficiency and weaken economy
  • increases French budget
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10
Q

How is the Empire affected by dotations?

A
  • useful social purpose for Napoleonic rule as ensure loyalty
  • weakened economy as harder for satellite states to be self sufficient
  • Duchy of Warsaw lost 1/5 of revenue on dotations
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11
Q

How is agriculture in the Empire affected under Napoleon?

A
  • not big impact as Empire still primarily agricultual with localised markets
  • helped create single market in Italy
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12
Q

Were social policies in Napoleon’s early rule similar to France?

A
  • Concordat of 1801
  • Attack on feudal privilege
  • Military conscription
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13
Q

When did Napoleon’s social policies become less consistent?

A
  • 1808
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14
Q

What was included in the Concordat of 1801?

A
  • end secular church privileges
  • religious toleration
  • church lands seized
  • priests = civil servants
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15
Q

What caused resistance in the Concordat of 1801? How were they opposed?

A
  • (1809) seized the Pope
  • Jewish tolerance
  • less power within church
  • peasant upririsngs in Spain (1808)
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16
Q

How did Empire control change feudalism? How successful were they?

A
  • until 1808, feudalism challenged where French establish control providing legal equality
  • legal equality eg. abolish seignurial courts
  • hard to eradicate social systems in Naples + German states
  • Serfdom abolished (1807) Duchy of Warsaw
  • after N’s rule no attempt to oppose serfdom so not long term change
17
Q

How did the Empire react to Napoleon trying to enforce military conscription?

A
  • military demands provoke peasant hostility + rebellion
  • after 1808 (Spain, Naples etc. )bring more discontent
  • while affected many, most countries already affected by war etc.
18
Q

Who benefitted the most socially under Napoleonic rule?

A
  • people with established status or wealth to exploit eg. middle classes, members of military
19
Q

Give examples of countries within each tier of the frontier system

A
  • Pays Reunis: Holland, Papal States, parts of Italy, Parma
  • Pays Conquis: Rhine, Naples, Duchy of Warsaw
  • Pays Allies: Austria, Russia, Prussia