Chapter 22 - Microbial Diseases of Respiratory System

Question 1

*Streptococcal Pharyngitis

pathogen

Answer 1

aka strep throat

Group A streptococci aka S.pyogenes

Question 2

*Streptococcal Pharyngitis

signs + symptoms

Answer 2

• -sore throat, difficulty swallowing

- may progress to scarlet or rheumatic fever

Question 3

*Streptococcal Pharyngitis

virulence factor

Answer 3

*1 M protein
*2 hyaluronic acid capsule
*3 pyrogenic toxin
4 C5a peptidase
*5 streptolysins
*6 streptokinases

Question 4

Streptococcal Pharyngitis

treatment

Answer 4

penicillin

Question 5

*Diptheria

pathogen

Answer 5

corynebacterium diptherae

Question 6

*Diptheria

prevention

Answer 6

DTaP

Question 7

*Diptheria

virulence factor

Answer 7

diptheria toxin

Question 8

Diptheria

signs + symptoms

Answer 8

presence of pseudomembrane that can obstruct airways

Question 9

Diptheria

epidemiology

Answer 9

• via resp droplets or skin contact

- symptomatic in immunocompromised or nonimmune individuals

Question 10

*Sinusitis + Otitis Media

pathogen

Answer 10

streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 11

Sinusitis + Otitis Media

signs + symptoms

Answer 11

S-causes pain + pressure of affected sinus accompanied by malaise

OM-results in severe pain in the ears

Question 12

Sinusitis + Otitis Media

epidemiology

Answer 12

-bacteria in pharynx spread to sinuses via throat

• sinusitis is more common in adults
• Otitis is more common in kids

Question 13

Sinusitis + Otitis Media

prevention

Answer 13

no known prevention

Question 14

*Common cold

pathogen

Answer 14

rhinovirus aka enteroviruses is most common cause

Question 15

Common cold

signs + symptoms

Answer 15

sneeze, runny nose, congestion, sore throat, malaise, cough

Question 16

Common cold

pathogenesis

Answer 16

cold virus replicate in + then kill infected cells

Question 17

Common cold

epidemiology

Answer 17

• rhinovirus/enterovirus are highly infective

- spread by cough/sneeze, fomites, or person-to-person contact

Question 18

Common cold

diagnosis, treatment, + prevention

Answer 18

D-signs+sympt

T-pleconaril reduce duration

P-hand antisepsis

Question 19

*Pneumococcal Pneumonia

pathogen

Answer 19

streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 20

Pneumococcal Pneumonia

virulence factors

Answer 20

1 adhesins
2 capsule
3 pneumolysin

Question 21

Pneumococcal Pneumonia

signs + symptoms

Answer 21

• short rapid breathing

- rust colored sputum

Question 22

Pneumococcal Pneumonia

epidemiology

Answer 22

• infection by inhalation of bacteria

- bacterial replication causes damage to lungs

Question 23

Pneumococcal Pneumonia

treatment + prevention

Answer 23

T - penicillin

P -vaccines

Question 24

Tuberculosis

pathogen

Answer 24

mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 25

Tuberculosis

signs + symptoms

Answer 25

not always apparent

Question 26

Tuberculosis

epidemiology

Answer 26

• immunocompromised are high risk

- leading killer of HIV+ patients

Question 27

*Tuberculosis

diagnosis

Answer 27

• tuberculin skin test
• ID exposure to TB
• false + w vaccinated ppl

chest x ray can ID tb in lungs

Question 28

*Tuberculosis

prevention

Answer 28

BCG vaccine

Question 29

*Influenza

pathogen

Answer 29

Influenza virus type A+B

Question 30

*Influenza

virulence

Answer 30

mutation in genes for hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, capsid, + phospholipid envelope produce new strains

-occurs via antigenic drift or shift.

Question 31

Pertussis aka

Answer 31

whooping cough

Question 32

*Pertussis

pathogen

Answer 32

bordetella pertussis

Question 33

Pertussis

VF

Answer 33

adhesins + several toxins

-b.pertussis interferes w activity of ciliated epithelial cells in trachea (causing whoops)

Question 34

*Pertussis

pathogenesis

Answer 34

4 phases

1 incubation
2 catarrhal
3 paroxysmal
4 convalescent

Question 35

Pertussis

epidemiology

Answer 35

• highly contagious

- spread thru air in airborne droplets

Question 36

Pertussis

D T P

Answer 36

D - sympt

T - supportive

P - DTaP