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Human Phys- Med Terms > Chapter 21 Stuff > Flashcards

Chapter 21 Stuff Flashcards

1
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

Drug effects on the body

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2
Q

Medicinal Chemistry

A

New drug synthesis

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3
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

Drug’s absorption, distribution metabolism, and excretion over time

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4
Q

Molecular Pharmacology

A

Interaction of drugs and components inside the cell or on the cell surface

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5
Q

Chemotherapy

A

Use of drugs in treatment of cancer and infectious disease

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6
Q

Toxicology

A

Studies of harmful effects of drugs on the body

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7
Q

Pharmacy

A

Drugstore, where a pharmacist prepares and dispenses drugs

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8
Q

Food and Drug Administration

A

-legal responsibility for deciding whether a drug may be disseminated and sold

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9
Q

United States Pharmacopeia

A

Reviews and appraises drugs effectiveness

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10
Q

Chemical Name

A

Exact chemical makeup of a drug

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11
Q

Brand name

A

Private property of individual drug manufacturer

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12
Q

Generic name

A

shorter, less complicated, identifies drug legally and scientifically

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13
Q

Oral Administration

A

Given by mouth

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14
Q

Sublingual Administration

A

Drugs placed under tongue and dissolve in saliva

-ex: nitroglycerin for angina

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15
Q

Rectal Administration

A

Suppositories and aqueous solutions inserted into rectum

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16
Q

Parenteral Administration

A

Injection of drug from a syringe

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17
Q

Intracavitary Instillation

A
  • Parental

- Injection into a body cavity

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18
Q

Intradermal Injection

A
  • Parental

- Made into the upper layers of the skin

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19
Q

Subcutaneous Injection

A
  • Parenteral

- small needle placed into subcutaneous tissue

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20
Q

Inhalation

A

Vapors or gasses taken into the nose or mouth

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21
Q

Topical Application

A

Drugs applied locally on skin or mucous membrane of the body

-ointments, creams, lotions

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22
Q

Additive Action

A

Combination of two similar drugs is equal to the sum of the effects of each

23
Q

Synergism

A

Combination of two drugs causes an effect greater than the sum of the individual effects of each drug

24
Q

Response

A

Desired and beneficial effect of a drug

25
Q

Tolerance

A

Effects of a given dose diminish as treatment continues. Increasing amounts are needed to produce the same affect

26
Q

Idiosyncrasy

A

Unpredictable drug toxicity.

27
Q

Contraindications

A

Factors in a patient’s condition that make the use of a drug dangerous

28
Q

Resistance

A

Lack of beneficial response

-drugs that used to be effective are unable to control the disease process in a patient

29
Q

Analgesics

A

A drug that lessens pain

30
Q

Narcotics, Opioids

A
  • More potent analgesics
  • May induce a stupor
  • Only used to relieve severe pain
31
Q

Anesthetics

A

Reduces or eliminates sensation

-General anesthetics are used for surgical procedures

32
Q

Antibiotics and Antifungals

A

Inhibits or kills bacteria

Treats fungal infections

33
Q

Anticoagulants/Antiplatelets

A

Prevents clotting

34
Q

Anticonvulsants

A

Prevents, reduces the frequency of convulsions in various types of seizure disorders or epilepsy
-depress abnormal spontaneous activity of the brain arising form ares of scar or tumor, without affecting normal brain function

35
Q

Antidepressant

A

Treat symptoms of depression

-elevate mood, increase physical activity and mental alertness, improve appetite and sleep patterns

36
Q

Anti-Alzheimer

A

treat symptoms of alzheimers

37
Q

Antidiabetics

A

Used to treat Diabetes Mellitus

38
Q

Antihistamines

A

Block the cation of histmine

39
Q

Cardiovascular Drugs

A

Act on the heart or blood vessels to treat hypertension, angina, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and arrhythmias

40
Q

Angiotensin-Converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

A

(CD) Dilate blood vessels to lower blood pressure, improve heart performance, and reduce workload
-reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke, and death

41
Q

Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)

A

(CD) Lower blood pressure by preventing angiotensin from acting on receptors in blood vessels

42
Q

Antiarrhythmics

A

(CD) Reverse abnormal heart rhythms

43
Q

Beta-blockers

A

(CD) decrease muscular tone in blood vessels, slow heart rate, decrease output of the heart, and reduce blood pressure

44
Q

Calcium channel blockers

A

(CD) dilate blood vessels and lower blood pressure and are used to treat angina and arrhythmias. Inhibit entry of calcium into muscles of the heart and blood vessels

45
Q

Cardiac glycosides

A

(CD) Made from digitalis (foxglove)

-increase the force of contraction of the heart and treat heart failure and Afib

46
Q

Cholesterol-binding drugs

A

(CD) bind to dietary cholesterol and prevent its uptake from the gastrointestinal tract

47
Q

Chloesterol-lowering drugs

A

(CD) control hypercholesterolemia

-reduce cholesterol production in the liver

48
Q

Diuretics

A

(CD) Reduce the volume of blood in the body by promoting kidney to remove water and salt through urine

49
Q

Endocrine drugs

A

Act similarly to naturally occurring hormones

50
Q

Gastrointestinal drugs

A

relieve uncomfortable and potentially dangerous symptoms

51
Q

Respiratory Drugs

A

Prescribed fro the treatment of asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and bronchospasm

  • bronchodilators
  • steroids
  • leukotriene modifiers (prevent asthma attacks)
52
Q

Sedative-Hypnotics

A

medication that depress the central nervous system and promote drowsiness and sleep
-insomnia, sleep disorders

53
Q

Stimulants

A

acton the brain to speed up vital processes (heart and respiration) in cases of shock and collapse

54
Q

Tranquilizers

A

Control anxiety

Human Phys- Med Terms (58 decks)

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