Chapter 2.1 Flashcards
Development of the Gospels
Stage 1
The life, death and resurrection of the historical Jesus (the events themselves)
Development of the Gospels
Stage 2
The period of oral tradition, when the sayings and stories of Jesus were passed down primarily through spoken word
Development of the Gospels
Stage 3
The period of written sources, when collections of sayings and other material began to be written down and collected
Development of the Gospels
Stage 4
The writing of the Gospels themselves
Methodology to examine the gospels in their final form, without reference to the process by which they came to be
literary criticism
Key questions of the Synoptic problem
1) Are the gospels dependent on one another
2) If so, which as written first and which depended on the others
Augustine’s Solution
Matthew wrote first
Mark used Matthew
Luke used Matthew and Mark
Goal of source criticism
Identify the source behind the Synoptic gospels
and determine the relationship between the sources
Evidence for Dependent Gospels
Common Material
Verbal Agreement
Agreement in Order
Identical Alterations of OT Quotes
“double tradition” material
Material appearing in both Matthew and Luke, but not in Mark
B. H. Streeter
Created the Four-Source Theory
Ur-Markus and Proto-Luke
Earlier versions of Mark and Luke
Matthew wrote first
Luke used Matthew
Mark used both
Griesbach Hypothesis
Two gospel hypothesis
Evidence for Griesbach hypothesis
Church tradition points to Matthean priority
Matthew and Luke agree against Mark
Lack of evidence for “Q”
Goals of form criticism
1) classify and analyze forms
2) determine the church context in which that for originated and was used
3) trace history of transmission in church
