Chapter 11

Question 1

Influential member of the Jesus Seminar and key advocate of the view that Jesus was a “spirit person” or Jewish mystic. (1924-2015)

Answer 1

Marcus Borg

Question 2

The most influential New Testament scholar of the 20th century. He sought to “demythologize” the New Testament in order to discern its true existential message

Answer 2

Rudolf Bultmann

Question 3

Someone considered to be filled with or to act in the power of the Spirit of God.

Answer 3

charismatic

Question 4

Perspective advocated by E. P. Sanders that first century Judaism was guided not by a works salvation but by a covenant relationship with God established through grace and maintained by Torah observance.

Answer 4

covenantal nomism

Question 5

Various criteria-such as dissimilarity, coherence, and multiple attestation-developed by Jesus scholars to test the authenticity of the words and actions of Jesus.

Answer 5

criteria of autheticity

Question 6

Cofounder of the Jesus Seminar and most influential advocate of the view that Jesus was a cynic-like Jewish peasant.

Answer 6

John Dominic Crossan

Question 7

Countercultural Hellenistic philosophers who rejected the norms of their society and sought to live a simple, unencumbered life. The Jesus Seminar advocated a portrait of Jesus as a ___.

Answer 7

Cynics

Cynic-like philosopher

Question 8

A widely held contemporary portrait of Jesus that views Him as a herald announcing the imminent coming of God’s end-times salvation.

Answer 8

eschatological prophet

Question 9

Feminist theologian and biblical scholar who views Jesus as a wisdom teacher and prophet of Sophia, the personification of Wisdom in the book of Proverbs

Answer 9

Elizabeth Schussler Fiorenza

Question 10

Nineteenth century movement that sought to interpret the life and miracles of Jesus from a rationalistic perspective

Answer 10

First Quest for the historical Jesus

Question 11

Contemporary Jesus scholar who views Jesus as a Jewish eschatological prophet who was arrested and crucified when some of his followers declared Him as Messiah

Answer 11

Paula Fredriksen

Question 12

A 19th century German school of thought that sought to study religion in terms of its evolutionary development from simple animistic or polytheistic religions to complex monotheism

Answer 12

history of religions school

Religiongeschichteschule

Question 13

A distinction sometimes drawn between the historical figure of Jesus and the presently reigning Lord of the church, worshiped by believers today

Answer 13

Jesus of history
vs
Christ of faith

Question 14

A controversial group established by Robert Funk and John Dominic Crossan that met in the 1980s and 1990s and voted on the sayings of Jesus, finding very little of historical value in the Gospels

Answer 14

Jesus Seminar

Question 15

Ancient holy men of great piety who experienced unique intimacy with God. One of six overlapping contemporary portraits of Jesus.

Answer 15

Jewish Charismatics

Question 16

German New Testament scholar who rejected the historical Jesus quest as misguided, claiming that the only Jesus we can know is the Christ of faith.

Answer 16

Martin Kahler

Question 17

German professor of the New Testament and student of Rudolf Bultmann whose influential 1953 essay launched the New Quest for the historical Jesus.

Answer 17

Ernst Kasemann

Question 18

Prolific author of the multivolume work “A Marginal Jew”, which methodically examines the Jesus tradition for historicity. ___ views Jesus primarily as an eschatological prophet.

Answer 18

John P. Meier

Question 19

A resurgence in historical Jesus research initiated by students of Rudolf Bultmann in the 1950s. Its origin is usually traced to a 1953 lecture by Ernst Kasemann.

Answer 19

New (Second) Quest for the historical Jesus

Question 20

20th century period of historical Jesus studies associated especially with Rudolf Bultmann and marked by extreme skepticism concerning what can be known about the historical Jesus

Answer 20

No Quest

Question 21

A portrait of Jesus that views Him as one who sympathized with Zealot causes and challenged the Roman authorities and Jerusalem’s priestly leadership, resulting in His crucifixion as an insurrectionist.

Answer 21

political revolutionary

Question 22

The philosophical perspective that claims that reason is the sole test of truth

Answer 22

rationalism

Question 23

German professor whose essay, “On the Intention of Jesus and His Disciples”, is often viewed as launching the rationalistic First Quest for the historical Jesus

Answer 23

Herman Samuel Reimarus

Question 24

Key advocate of the view that Jesus was an eschatological prophet in close continuity with the Judaism of His day.

Answer 24

E. P. Sanders

Question 25

German theologian, musician, philosopher, and physician whose magisterial Quest of the Historical Jesus criticized the First Quest for merely reimagining Jesus as a 19th century rationalist

Answer 25

Albert Schweitzer

Question 26

A portrait of Jesus, advocated especially by Richard Horsley, that views Him as a prophet working for social transformation, without hierarchy or patriarchy in a community dominated by a colonial-like class struggle

Answer 26

social revolutionary

Question 27

A portrait of Jesus that views Him as a teacher and mystic whose intimacy with God enabled Him to accomplish extraordinary things. This ancient view is advocated today by Marcus Borg

Answer 27

spirit person

Question 28

German scholar who claimed that gospel events were not merely rationalistic events misconstrued by eyewitnesses ( as the First Quest assumed ) but rather myths that had developed over the course of time in the early church

Answer 28

D. F. Strauss

Question 29

A name given to the resurgence in the study of the historical Jesus from the 1980s onward, characterized by a variety of new methodologies and cross-disciplinary research

Answer 29

Third Quest for the historical Jesus

Question 30

Scholar who set out highly influential philosophical principles that effectively ruled out supernatural intervention in human history

Answer 30

Ernst Troeltsch

Question 31

20th century Jesus scholar who reintroduced the ancient portrait of Jesus as a charismatic Jewish miracle worker

Answer 31

Geza Vermes

Question 32

Seeking to place Jesus in his 1st century context, ___ identified Jesus as an apocalyptic prophet expecting the imminent end of the world

Answer 32

Johannes Weiss

Question 33

Contemporary Jesus scholar who views Jesus primarily as a Jewish sage, but also as an eschatological prophet and messianic figure

Answer 33

Ben Witherington III

Question 34

Sought to demonstrate that the gospels were not biographies or history but rather theologically motivated fictions

Answer 34

William Wrede

Question 35

Innovative and influential Jesus scholar who views Jesus as an eschatological prophet restoring God's people by leading them out of spiritual exile into a new exodus deliverance

Answer 35

N. T. Wright