Chapter 21

Question 1

Ascites is defined as:

Answer 1

an abnormal accumulation of serous fluid within the peritoneal cavity.

Question 2

Pyloric stenosis is a(n):

Answer 2

abnormal enlargement of the pyloric sphincter.

Question 3

Moles on the abdomen:

Answer 3

are common.

Question 4

The organ in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen is the:

Answer 4

spleen.

Question 5

The four layers of large, flat abdominal muscles form the:

Answer 5

ventral abdominal wall.

Question 6

Pyrosis is:

Answer 6

a burning sensation in the upper abdomen.

Question 7

The abdomen normally moves with breathing until the age of ____ years.

Answer 7

7

Question 8

Older adults have:

Answer 8

decreased salivation leading to dry mouth.

Question 9

The symptoms occurring with lactose intolerance include:

Answer 9

bloating and flatulence.

Question 10

Methods to enhance abdominal wall relaxation during examination include:

Answer 10

positioning the patient with the knees bent.

Question 11

Aneurysm

Answer 11

defect or sac formed by dilation in artery wall due to atherosclerosis, trauma, or congenital defect

Question 12

Anorexia

Answer 12

loss of appetite for food

Question 13

Ascites

Answer 13

abnormal accumulation of serous fluid within the peritoneal cavity, associated with heart failure, cirrhosis, cancer, or portal hypertension

Question 14

Borborygmi

Answer 14

loud, gurgling bowel sound signaling increased motility or hyper peristalsis; occurs with early bowel obstruction, gastroenteritis, diarrhea

Question 15

Bruit

Answer 15

blowing, swooshing sound heard through a stethoscope when an artery is partially occluded

Question 16

Cecum

Answer 16

first or proximal part of large intestine

Question 17

Cholecystitis

Answer 17

lower border of rib margin formed by the medial edges of the 8th, 9th, and 10th ribs

Question 18

Costovertebral angle (CVA)

Answer 18

angle formed by the 12th rib and the vertebral column on the posterior thorax, overlying the kidney

Question 19

Diastasis recti

Answer 19

midline longitudinal ridge in the abdomen, a separation of abdominal rectus muscle

Question 20

Dysphagia

Answer 20

difficulty swallowing

Question 21

Epigastrium

Answer 21

name of abdominal region between the costal margins

Question 22

Hepatomegaly

Answer 22

abnormal enlargement of liver

Question 23

Inguinal Ligament

Answer 23

ligament extending from pubic bone to anterior superior iliac spine, forming lower border of abdomen

Question 24

Linea alba

Answer 24

midline tendinous seam joining the abdominal muscles

Question 25

Paralytic ileus

Answer 25

complete absence of peristaltic movement that may follow abdominal surgery or complete bowel obstruction

Question 26

Peritoneal friction rub

Answer 26

rough grating sound heard through the stethoscope over the site of peritoneal inflammation

Question 27

Peritonitis

Answer 27

inflammation of the peritoneum

Question 28

Pyloric stenosis

Answer 28

congenital narrowing of pyloric sphincter, forming outflow obstruction of stomach

Question 29

Pyrosis

Answer 29

heartburn; burning sensation in upper abdomen due to reflux of gastric acid

Question 30

Rectus abdominis muscle

Answer 30

midline abdominal muscles extending from rib cage to pubic bone

Question 31

Scaphoid

Answer 31

abnormally sunken abdominal wall, as with malnutrition or underweight

Question 32

Splenomegaly

Answer 32

abnormal enlargement of spleen

Question 33

Striae

Answer 33

(lineae albicantes) silvery white or pink scar tissue formed by stretching of abdominal skin as with pregnancy or obesity

Question 34

Suprapubic

Answer 34

name of abdominal region just superior to pubic bone

Question 35

Tympany

Answer 35

high- pitched, musical, drumlike percussion note heard when percussing over the stomach and intestine

Question 36

Umbilicus

Answer 36

depression on the abdomen marking site of entry of umbilical cord

Question 37

Viscera

Answer 37

internal organs

Question 38

Select the sequence of techniques used during an exam of the abdomen

Answer 38

Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation

Question 39

Which of the following can be noted through inspection of a patients abdomen?

Answer 39

Venous pattern, peristaltic waves, and abdominal contour

Question 40

Right upper quadrant tenderness may indicate pathology in the

Answer 40

liver, pancreas, or ascending colon

Question 41

Hyperactive bowel sounds are

Answer 41

high-pitched, rushing, tinkling

Question 42

The absence of bowel sounds is established after listening for

Answer 42

5 full min

Question 43

Auscultation of the abdomen may reveal bruits of the _________arteries.

Answer 43

Aortic, renal, iliac, and femoral

Question 44

The normal range of liver span in the right midclavicular line in the the adult is:

Answer 44

6-12 cm

Question 45

The left upper quadrant (LUQ) contains the:

Answer 45

spleen

Question 46

A female patient has striae on the abdomen. Which color indicates long-standing striae?

Answer 46

silvery white

Question 47

Auscultating the abdomen is begun in the RLQ because

Answer 47

bowel sounds are always normally present here

Question 48

A dull percussion note forward of the left midaxillary line is

Answer 48

Indicative of splenic enlargement

Question 49

Shifting dullness is a test for

Answer 49

Ascites

Question 50

Tenderness during abdominal palpation is expected when palpating the

Answer 50

sigmoid colon

Question 51

A positive Murphys sign is best described as

Answer 51

Pain felt when taking a deep breath when the examiners fingers are on the approximate location of the inflamed gallbladder

Question 52

A positive Blumberg sign indicates

Answer 52

Peritoneal inflammation