Chapter 10 Flashcards
Pain signals are carried to the central nervous system by way of:
afferent fibers.
Which of the following is the most reliable indicator for chronic pain?
Patient self-report
Which of the following statements regarding cultural/racial differences in the treatment of pain is true?
White individuals receive more analgesic therapy than black or Hispanic individuals with similar symptoms.
What occurs during transduction (the first phase of nociceptive pain)?
Pain signals move from the site of origin to the spinal cord
What type of pain is short and self-limiting and dissipates after the injury heals?
Acute
Neuropathic pain implies an abnormal:
processing of the pain message.
What is the source of deep somatic pain?
Bones and joints
Which of the following has been found to influence pain sensitivity in women?
Hormonal changes
Specialized nerve endings that are designed to detect painful sensations are:
nociceptors.
An older adult patient with dementia has a pain rating of 5 on the Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (PAINAD) scale. The nurse should:
administer prescribed pain medication.
Acute pain
short term, self limiting, often predictable trajectory; stops after injury heals
Allodynia
experience of pain after normally tactile or thermal stimulus
Breakthrough pain
pain restarts or escalates before next scheduled analgesic dose
Chronic (persistent) pain
pain continues for 6 months or longer after initial injury
Incident pain
occurs predictably after specific movements
Modulation
pain message inhibited during this last phase of nociception
Neuropathic pain
abnormal processing of pain message; burning, shooting in nature
Nociception
process whereby noxious stimuli are perceived as pain; central and peripheral nervous system intact
Nociceptors
specialized nerve endings that detect painful stimuli
Pain
an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage. Pain is always subjective
Perception
conscious awareness of painful sensation
Referred pain
pain felt at a particular site but originates from another location
Somatic pain
originating from muscle, bone, joints, tendons, or blood vessels
Transduction
second phase of nociception whereby the pain impulse moves from the spinal cord to the brain
Transmission
second phase of nociception whereby the pain impulse moves from the spinal cord to the brain
Visceral pain
originating from internal organs such as the gallbladder or stomach
At which phase does the individual become aware of a painful sensations
perception
While taking a hx, the pt describes a burning, painful sensation that moves around the toes and bottoms of the feet. These symptoms suggest?
neuropathic pain
During the physical exam, your pt is diaphoretic and pale and complains of dull pain in the LUQ of the abdomen. This is what type of pain?
visceral pain
While caring for a preterm infant you are aware that
the preterm infant is more sensitive to painful stimuli
The most reliable indicator of pain in the adult is:
The patients self report
While examining the broken arm of a 4 yr old boy what is the appropriate assessment toll to evaluate his pain status
Wong-Baker scale
Normal age related finding in the lower extremities of an 80 yr old woman would be
diminished strength bilaterally
A pt presents with acute pain of the abdomen. After the initial exam, how would you proceed?
Give pain medications as ordered
For older adult postoperative patients, poorly controlled acute pain places them at higher risk for:
Atelectasis
Increased myocardial oxygen demand
Impaired wound healing
A 30 year old woman reports having persistent intense pain in her right arm related to trauma sustained from a car accident 5 months ago. She states that the slightest touch or clothing can exacerbate the pain. This report is suggestive of :
Complex regional pain I
CRIES is an appropriate pain assessment tool for:
Preterm and term neonates
Pain issues should be anticipated in a cognitively impaired older adult with a hx of
peripheral vascular disease
Pain in the aging adult is considered to be
unrelated to the aging process
Which is considered a common physiologic change that occurs with pain
tachycardia
A pt is requesting pain medication and expresses a pain level of 9/10; however, the pt is up and smiling. How should you proceed?
Use therapeutic communication techniques to determine the patients current prescription drug use
