Chapter 12 Flashcards
When taking the health history, the patient complains of pruritus. What is a common cause of this symptom?
Drug reactions
A flat macular hemorrhage is called a(n)
purpura.
A student nurse has been assigned to teach fourth graders about hygiene. While preparing, the student nurse adds information about the sweat glands. Which of the following should be included while discussing this topic?
Newborn infants do not sweat and use compensatory mechanisms to control body temperature.
Functions of the skin include:
temperature regulation.
Risk factors that may lead to skin disease and breakdown include:
a lifetime of environmental trauma.
What term refers to a linear skin lesion that runs along a nerve route
Zosteriform
The components of a nail examination include:
contour, consistency, and color
To determine if a dark-skinned patient is pale, the nurse should assess the color of the:
conjunctivae
An example of a primary lesion is a(n):
urticaria.
A scooped-out, shallow depression in the skin is called a(n):
erosion.
Alopecia
baldness, hair loss
Annular
circular shape to skin lesions
Bulla
elevated cavity containing free fluid larger than 1 cm in diameter
Confluent
skin lesions that run together
Crust
thick, dried-out exudate left on skin when vesicles or pustules burst or dry up
Cyanosis
dusky blue color to skin or mucous membranes as a result of increased amount of non oxygenated hemoglobin
Erosion
scooped-out shallow depression in skin
Erythema
intense redness of the skin due to excess blood in dilated superficial capillaries as in fever or inflammation
Excoriation
self inflicted abrasion on skin due to scratching
Fissure
linear crack in skin extending into dermis
Furuncle
boil; suppurative inflammatory skin lesion due to infected hair follicle
Hemangioma
skin lesion due to benign proliferation of blood vessels in the dermis
Iris
target shape of skin lesion
jaundice
yellow color to skin, palate, and sclera due to excess bilirubin in the blood
Keloid
hypertrophic scar, elevated beyond site of original injury
Lichenification
tightly packed set of papillose that thickens skin; caused by prolonged intense scraching
Limpome
benign fatty tumor
Maceration
softening of the tissue by soaking
Macule
flat skin lesion with only a color change
Nevus
mole; circumscribed skin lesion due to excess melanocytes
Nodule
elevated skin lesion larger than 1 cm
pallor
excessively pale, whitish-pink color to lightly pigmented skin
Papule
palpable skin lesion smaller than 1 cm in diameter
Plaque
skin lesion in which papillose coalesce or come together
Scale
compact desiccated flakes of skin from shedding of dead skin cells
Telangiectasia
skin lesion due to permanently enlarged and dilated blood vessels that are visible
Ulcer
sloughing of necrotic inflammatory tissue that causes a deep depression in skin, extending into dermis
Vesicle
elevated cavity containing free fluid up to 1 cm in diameter
Wheal
raised red skin lesion due to interstitial fluid
Zosteriform
linear shape of skin lesion along a nerve route
Secretion of eccrine gland
dilute saline solution
to assess for early jaundice you will assess
sclera and hard palate
checking for skin temp is best accomplished by using
the dorsal surface of the hand
assessing a patients skin turgor is done to assess for
dehydration
you note a lesion during a skin assessment. What is the best way to document this finding
describe the lesions size, color, location, border, measure, drainage
You examine the nail beds of a patient. Which finding indicates a normal angle
160 degree
You are assessing capillary refill. The room is warm. Which finding would be considered normal
less than 1 second
During a routine visit, M.B. age 78 asks about a small round, flat, brown merciless on the hands. what is your best response
these are the result of sun exposure and do not require treatment
an area of thin shiny skin with decreased visibility of normal skin markings is most likely
atrophy
flattening of the angle between the nail and its base is
described as clubbing
a configuration of individual lesions arranged in circles or arcs as occurs with ringworm is described as a
annular lesion
the A in the ABCDE rule for skin cancer stands for
asymmetry
A risk factor for melanoma is
skin that freckles or burns before tanning
herpes zoster infection (shingles) is characterized by
lesion on only one side of body; does not cross midline
basal cell layer
epidermis
aids protection by cushioning
subcutaneous layer
collagen
dermis
adipose tissue
subcutaneous layer
uniformly thin
epidermis
stratum corneum
epidermis
elastic tissue
dermis
pallor
absence of red-pink tones from oxygenated hemoglobin in blood
Erythema
Intense redness of the skin due to excess blood in the dilated superficial capillaries
Cyanosis
bluish mottled color that signifies decreased perfusion
jaundice
increased bilirubin in the blood causing a yellow color in the skin
