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Health Assessment > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

1
Q

When taking the health history, the patient complains of pruritus. What is a common cause of this symptom?

A

Drug reactions

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2
Q

A flat macular hemorrhage is called a(n)

A

purpura.

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3
Q

A student nurse has been assigned to teach fourth graders about hygiene. While preparing, the student nurse adds information about the sweat glands. Which of the following should be included while discussing this topic?

A

Newborn infants do not sweat and use compensatory mechanisms to control body temperature.

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4
Q

Functions of the skin include:

A

temperature regulation.

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5
Q

Risk factors that may lead to skin disease and breakdown include:

A

a lifetime of environmental trauma.

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6
Q

What term refers to a linear skin lesion that runs along a nerve route

A

Zosteriform

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7
Q

The components of a nail examination include:

A

contour, consistency, and color

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8
Q

To determine if a dark-skinned patient is pale, the nurse should assess the color of the:

A

conjunctivae

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9
Q

An example of a primary lesion is a(n):

A

urticaria.

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10
Q

A scooped-out, shallow depression in the skin is called a(n):

A

erosion.

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11
Q

Alopecia

A

baldness, hair loss

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12
Q

Annular

A

circular shape to skin lesions

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13
Q

Bulla

A

elevated cavity containing free fluid larger than 1 cm in diameter

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14
Q

Confluent

A

skin lesions that run together

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15
Q

Crust

A

thick, dried-out exudate left on skin when vesicles or pustules burst or dry up

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16
Q

Cyanosis

A

dusky blue color to skin or mucous membranes as a result of increased amount of non oxygenated hemoglobin

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17
Q

Erosion

A

scooped-out shallow depression in skin

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18
Q

Erythema

A

intense redness of the skin due to excess blood in dilated superficial capillaries as in fever or inflammation

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19
Q

Excoriation

A

self inflicted abrasion on skin due to scratching

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20
Q

Fissure

A

linear crack in skin extending into dermis

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21
Q

Furuncle

A

boil; suppurative inflammatory skin lesion due to infected hair follicle

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22
Q

Hemangioma

A

skin lesion due to benign proliferation of blood vessels in the dermis

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23
Q

Iris

A

target shape of skin lesion

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24
Q

jaundice

A

yellow color to skin, palate, and sclera due to excess bilirubin in the blood

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25
Q

Keloid

A

hypertrophic scar, elevated beyond site of original injury

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26
Q

Lichenification

A

tightly packed set of papillose that thickens skin; caused by prolonged intense scraching

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27
Q

Limpome

A

benign fatty tumor

28
Q

Maceration

A

softening of the tissue by soaking

29
Q

Macule

A

flat skin lesion with only a color change

30
Q

Nevus

A

mole; circumscribed skin lesion due to excess melanocytes

31
Q

Nodule

A

elevated skin lesion larger than 1 cm

32
Q

pallor

A

excessively pale, whitish-pink color to lightly pigmented skin

33
Q

Papule

A

palpable skin lesion smaller than 1 cm in diameter

34
Q

Plaque

A

skin lesion in which papillose coalesce or come together

35
Q

Scale

A

compact desiccated flakes of skin from shedding of dead skin cells

36
Q

Telangiectasia

A

skin lesion due to permanently enlarged and dilated blood vessels that are visible

37
Q

Ulcer

A

sloughing of necrotic inflammatory tissue that causes a deep depression in skin, extending into dermis

38
Q

Vesicle

A

elevated cavity containing free fluid up to 1 cm in diameter

39
Q

Wheal

A

raised red skin lesion due to interstitial fluid

40
Q

Zosteriform

A

linear shape of skin lesion along a nerve route

41
Q

Secretion of eccrine gland

A

dilute saline solution

42
Q

to assess for early jaundice you will assess

A

sclera and hard palate

43
Q

checking for skin temp is best accomplished by using

A

the dorsal surface of the hand

44
Q

assessing a patients skin turgor is done to assess for

A

dehydration

45
Q

you note a lesion during a skin assessment. What is the best way to document this finding

A

describe the lesions size, color, location, border, measure, drainage

46
Q

You examine the nail beds of a patient. Which finding indicates a normal angle

A

160 degree

47
Q

You are assessing capillary refill. The room is warm. Which finding would be considered normal

A

less than 1 second

48
Q

During a routine visit, M.B. age 78 asks about a small round, flat, brown merciless on the hands. what is your best response

A

these are the result of sun exposure and do not require treatment

49
Q

an area of thin shiny skin with decreased visibility of normal skin markings is most likely

A

atrophy

50
Q

flattening of the angle between the nail and its base is

A

described as clubbing

51
Q

a configuration of individual lesions arranged in circles or arcs as occurs with ringworm is described as a

A

annular lesion

52
Q

the A in the ABCDE rule for skin cancer stands for

A

asymmetry

53
Q

A risk factor for melanoma is

A

skin that freckles or burns before tanning

54
Q

herpes zoster infection (shingles) is characterized by

A

lesion on only one side of body; does not cross midline

55
Q

basal cell layer

A

epidermis

56
Q

aids protection by cushioning

A

subcutaneous layer

57
Q

collagen

A

dermis

58
Q

adipose tissue

A

subcutaneous layer

59
Q

uniformly thin

A

epidermis

60
Q

stratum corneum

A

epidermis

61
Q

elastic tissue

A

dermis

62
Q

pallor

A

absence of red-pink tones from oxygenated hemoglobin in blood

63
Q

Erythema

A

Intense redness of the skin due to excess blood in the dilated superficial capillaries

64
Q

Cyanosis

A

bluish mottled color that signifies decreased perfusion

65
Q

jaundice

A

increased bilirubin in the blood causing a yellow color in the skin

Health Assessment (20 decks)

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