Chapter 2.1 & 2.2 Flashcards
Describe Sargon’s Empire:
When? How long did it last?
What did it have?
Why do we remember Sargon’s Empire?
What did this do to Sumerian culture?
Around 2330 BC. Lasted 100 years.
Created first permanent army
Established world’s first empire
Spread Sumerian culture far beyond Tigris and Euphrates valleys
After the Hittites, what group came to the region?
The Assyrians became the supreme power in the region
What did the Phoenicians invent?
What did they trade?
Invented glassblowing
Exports: ivory, silver, slaves
Where did the Chaldeans make their capital?
Who was the rule of the Chaldeans?
What did he build?
Babylon, capital of their new empire
Nebuchadnezzar II - Warrior and builder
Build the Hanging Gardens of Babylon
After the Assyrians, which group came next?
The Chaldeans
What had the Hittites done?
What did they possess?
The Hittites had build strong empire in Asia Minor (now Turkey)
They had horse-drawn war chariot and new techniques
Describe 4 aspects of Assyrian rule
Efficient system
Local leaders
System of roads
Brutal with opposition
Describe Phoenician society.
How did people live?
Phoenicia was a Trading Society
Farming difficult
Trade and sea for livelihood
Expert sailors
Founded colonies on routes
Trade brought great wealth
The arid grasslands north of Black Sea were called ____________
Steppes
Describe the Assyrians:
Where from?
What was their culture?
When was their empire?
What geographic did they occupy?
Assyrians from Northern Mesopotamia
Adopted Sumerian culture
New empire in 900 BC
Mesopotamia, Asia Minor, Egypt
Describe Chaldean culture
Admired ancient Sumerian culture
Developed calendar; advances in astronomy
What were the 2 empires that adapted Sumerian culture?
Sargon’s Empire
Babylonian Empire
Describe the cities of Sumer:
When developed?
What kind of structures?
How were cities organized?
What shaped life in Sumer?
What kind of religion? Who had the highest status?
What were the rulers?
Sumer:
Large cities developed by 4000 BC
Structures made of mud bricks, like ZIggurat (pyramid shaped typle)
Each city and its land formed a city-state, with its own government
Religion and Government shaped life in city-states
Polytheism: worship of many gods. Priests had highest status
War chiefs ruled as kings. Dynasty - rules from 1 family
Describe these features of Sumerian culture:
Writing?
Arts>
Math & sciences?
Trade & society?
Writing: Cuneiform. Had business accounts & records. Had scribes. Had law, grammar & literature.
Arts: arches, ramps & columns. Scuplture. Cylinder seals.
Math & Sciences: system based on 60. Had geometry. First ot use the wheel. Invented the plow. Basic surgery.
Trade & Society: Traded for wood & metals. Social hierarch. Distincy male/female roles.
How did the Assyrians hold onto power?
What were the Assyrians like?
Assyrians were WAR MACHINE.
Warrior society
Had war chariots, foot soldiers
Masters of seige warfare
Used terror
