Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Chapter 2 Vocab > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Vocab Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

the basic unit of matter

A

atom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

in cells, structure that contains the cell’s genetic material in the form of DNA

A

nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

negatively charged particle; located in the space surrounding the nucleus

A

electron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

pure substance that consists entirely of 1 type of atom

A

element

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

1 of several forms of a single element, which contains the same # of protons but differerent #’s of neutrons

A

isotope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

substance formed by the chemical combination of 2 or more elements in definite proportions

A

compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

chemical bond formed when 1 or more electrons are transferred from 1 atom to another

A

ionic bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

atom that has a + or – charge

A

ion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

type of bond between atoms in which the electrons are shared

A

covalent bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

smallest unit of most compounds that displays all the properties of that compound

A

molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

slight attraction that develops between oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules

A

van der waals forces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom

A

hydrogen bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

attraction between molecules of the same substance

A

cohesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

force of attraction between different kinds of molecules

A

adhesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

material composed of 2 or more elements/compounds that are physically mixed together, but not chemically combined

A

mixture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

type of mixture in which all the compounds are evenly distributed

A

solution

17
Q

substance that is dissolved in a solution

A

solute

18
Q

dissolving substance in a solution

A

solvent

19
Q

mixture of water and nondissolved material

A

suspension

20
Q

scale with values from 0-14 used to measure the concentration of H+ ions in a solution; pH of 0-7= acidic, 7 is neutral, and 7-14= basic

A

pH scale

21
Q

a compound that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in solution; a solution with a pH of less than 7

A

acid

22
Q

a compound that forms hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution; a solution with a pH of more than 7

A

base

23
Q

a compound that prevents sharp, sudden changes in pH

A

buffer

24
Q

amount of energy needed to raise a substance’s temperature by making its molecules move faster

A

heat capacity

25
Q

small chemical unit that makes up a polymer

A

monomer

26
Q

molecules composed of many monomers; makes up macromolecules

A

polymer

27
Q

compound made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; type of nutrient that is the major source of energy for the body

A

carbohydrate

28
Q

macromolecule made mostly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils and waxes

A

lipid

29
Q

subunit of which nucleic acids are composed; made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

A

nucleotide

30
Q

macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus

A

nucleic acid

31
Q

macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair

A

protein

32
Q

compound with an amino group on 1 end and a carbon group on the other end

A

amino acid

33
Q

process that changes/transforms 1 set of chemicals into another set of chemicals

A

chemical reaction

34
Q

elements/compounds that enter into a chemical reaction

A

reactant

35
Q

elements/compounds produced by a chemical reaction

A

product

36
Q

energy that is needed to get a reaction started

A

activation energy

37
Q

substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction

A

catalyst

38
Q

protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction

A

enzyme

39
Q

reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction

A

substrate

Biology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions