8.1 - 8.2 Vocab - Paraphrased Flashcards
The fundamental idea of biology that all living things are made of cells, that cells are the building blocks of all living things’ structure and function, and that new cells develop from old cells
cell theory
All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.
cell membrane
cellular structure that houses DNA, the genetic substance of the cell
nucleus
specialized structure inside a eukaryotic cell that carries out crucial biological tasks
organelle
A structure found in a cell’s cytoplasm that is made up of protein and RNA; the location of protein synthesis
ribosome
Eukaryotic cells have an internal membrane system, which is where the lipid components of the cell membrane are put together.
endoplasmic reticulum
An organelle found in cells that processes, organizes, and packages proteins and other components from the ER for internal storage or external release
golgi apparatus
An organelle found in cells that disassembles proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates into smaller molecules the body can use
lysosome
A eukaryotic cell’s network of filamentous proteins gives the cell its form, internal organization, and mobility
cytoskeleton
Plants and certain other creatures have cells called organelles that absorb solar radiation and transform it into chemical energy
choraplast
An organelle within the cell that transforms food’s chemical energy into substances the cell can use more easily
mitochondrian
In certain cells, the cell membrane has a strong supporting layer
cell wall
The cell membrane is a flexible, double-layered sheet that acts as a wall separating the cell from its environment.
lipid bilayer
Semipermeable membranes are biological membranes that have the characteristic of allowing certain chemicals to flow through them while blocking others.
selectively permeable
