8.1 - 8.2 Vocab

Question 1

Basic unit of all forms of life

Answer 1

Cell

Question 2

Fundamental concept of biology that states that all living things are composed of cells; that cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things; and that new cells are produced from existing cells

Answer 2

Cell theory

Question 3

Thin, flexible, barrier that surrounds all cells; regulates, what enters and leaves the cell

Answer 3

Cell membrane

Question 4

in cells, structure that contains the cells genetic material in the form of DNA

Answer 4

Nucleus

Question 5

Organism whose cells contain a nucleus

Answer 5

Eukaryote

Question 6

Unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus

Answer 6

Prokaryote

Question 7

Fluid portion of the cell outside the nucleus

Answer 7

Cytoplasm

Question 8

Specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell

Answer 8

Organelle

Question 9

Cell organelle, consisting of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm in a cell; the site of protein synthesis

Answer 9

Ribosome

Question 10

Internal membrane system found in eukaryotic cells; place where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled

Answer 10

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 11

Organelle in cells that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the ER for storage in the cell/release outside the cell

Answer 11

Golgi apparatus

Question 12

Cell organelle, that stores materials, such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates

Answer 12

Vacuole

Question 13

Cell organelle that breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell

Answer 13

Lysosome

Question 14

Network of protein, filaments in a eukaryotic cell that gives the cell its shape and internal organization and is involved in movement

Answer 14

Cytoskeleton

Question 15

Organelle found its cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy

Answer 15

Chloroplast

Question 16

Cell organelle that converts, the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use

Answer 16

Mitochondrion

Question 17

Strong, supporting layer around the cell membrane in some cells

Answer 17

Cell wall

Question 18

Flexible, double layer sheet that makes up the cell membrane and Forms a barrier between the cell and its surroundings

Answer 18

Lipid bilayer

Question 19

Property of biological membranes that allows some substances to pass across it while others cannot; also called semipermeable membrane

Answer 19

Selectively permeable