Chapter 2: The Human Body-An Overview

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

study of human body structure

Question 2

Morphology

Answer 2

study of form and shape

Question 3

Physiology

Answer 3

study of body function

Question 4

Gross Anatomy

Answer 4

examining the human body w/naked eye through dissection and pro-section

Question 5

Developmental Anatomy

Answer 5

structural changes that occur throughout life and the effects of aging

Question 6

embryology

Answer 6

how body structures and form before birth

Question 7

Pathological Anatomy

Answer 7

structural changes due to disease and the disease itself

Question 8

Radiographic Anatomy

Answer 8

study of internal body structures

Question 9

Functional Morphology

Answer 9

functional properties of body structure and design

Question 10

Hierarchy of Structural Organization

Answer 10

Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, and organismal level

Question 11

Anatomical Position

Answer 11

A person standing upright, feet flat and forward, palms facing forward, and thumbs pointed away

Question 12

Regional Terms

Answer 12

names of specific body areas

Question 13

Characteristics Common to All Vertebrates

Answer 13

Tube-within-a-tube, bilateral symmetry, dorsal hollow nerve cord, notochord and vertebrae, segmentation, and pharyngeal pouches

Question 14

Body’s 2 Large Cavities

Answer 14

Dorsal (posterior) body cavity and ventral (anterior) body cavity

Question 15

Dorsal Body Cavity

Answer 15

closed-membrane space which houses the CNS and is located medially on the posterior of the head and trunk
contains: cranial and vertebral cavities

Question 16

Cranial Cavity

Answer 16

contains: brain, various cerebral blood vessels, the pituitary gland, and roots of the cranial nerves

Question 17

Vertebral Cavity

Answer 17

Contains: spinal cord, various spinal blood vessels, adipose tissue, and roots of spinal nerves

Question 18

Dorsal Body Cavity Linings

Answer 18

3 connective layers (the meninges): dura mater, arachnoid, and pia matter

Question 19

Intracranial Space

Answer 19

protects the brain and CNS within the cranial cavity

Question 20

Ventral Body Cavity

Answer 20

houses various internal organs and is located medially on the anterior trunk
contains: thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity

Question 21

Thoracic Cavity

Answer 21

contains: heart, lungs, and organs of the mediastinum

Question 22

Abdominopelvic Cavity

Answer 22

contains: abdominal cavity (stomach, liver intestines, and spleen) and pelvic cavity (urinary bladder, some reproductive organs, and distal colon)

Question 23

Serous Membrane

Answer 23

lines internal body cavities (i.e. heart,lungs, and abdominal cavity)

Question 24

Mediastinum

Answer 24

located within the thoracic cavity, lacks serous membranes, and houses the pericardial cavity

Question 25

Serous Cavities

Answer 25

a slit-like space lined by a serous membrane

ex: pleura, pericardium, and peritoneum

Question 26

Abdominal Quadrants

Answer 26

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Question 27

Retroperitoneal Space

Answer 27

Anatomical space in the abdominal cavity behind (retro) to the peritoneum
contains: glands, ureter, kidneys, and lots of blood vessels

Question 28

Pleural Effusions

Answer 28

abnormal fluid collection in the chest between the visceral and pleural surfaces
treatment: drainage tube

Question 29

Pericarditis

Answer 29

swelling and irritation of the pericardium

treatment: pharmaceutical and rarely surgical