Chapter 19: The Heart Flashcards
Four Corners of the Heart
superior right portion, superior left portion, inferior right portion, and inferior left portion
pericardium layers
fibrous and serous pericardium
fibrous pericardium
strong layer of dense connective tissue
serous percardium
parietal layer and visceral layer(epicardium)
myocardium
cardiac muscle arranged in circular and spiral patterns
endocardium
endothelium on a layer of connective tissue; lines the internal walls of the heart and is part of heart valves
four chambers
right and left atria superiorly and right and left ventricles inferiorly
coronary sulcus
groove that circles the boundary between the atria and ventricles
interventricular septum
wall separating the ventricles
right atrium
receives oxygen poor blood from systemic circuit via 3 veins (superior vena cava, inferior vena cava & coronary sinus)
pectinate muscles
ridges inside anterior of right atrium
right ventricel
receives blood from right atrium through the tricupside valve
pulmonary trunk
where blood is pumped into the pulmonary circuit
internal walls of right ventricle
papillary muscles and chordae tendineae
left atrium
receives oxygen-rich blood from pulmonary veins
mitral valve
left atrioventricular valve
left ventricle
forms apex of the heart; pumps blood through systemic circuit
internal walls of left ventricle
papillary muscles and chordae tendineae
aortic semilunar valve
allows blood into systemic circuit
atrioventricular and semilunar valves
enforce one-way flow of blood through the heart from the atria to the ventricles to the great arteries that leave the superior portion of the heart
atrioventricular valves
located between atria and ventricles; right-tricuspid and left-bicuspid(mitral valve)
aortic and pulmonary valves
located at the junctions o ventricles and great arteries
cardiac skeleton
lies between atria and ventricles; surrounds four heart valves; composed of dense connective tissue
functions of cardiac skeleton
anchors valve cusps; prevents overdilation of valve openings; provides attachment for cardiac muscle; and blocks direct spread of electrical impulses
lub
the AV valves closing (atria contract together)
dup
the semilunar valves closing (ventricles contract together)
heart corner
where each valve sound is best heard near
pulmonary circuit
to and from lungs
systemic circuit
to and from body tissues
atria
receive blood each circuit
ventricles
strongest pumping chambers of the heart
