Chapter 2 Test Flashcards
What is a solid
A state of matter with a definite shape and volume
How are particles arranged in a solid
tightly packed together in one position
What causes a solid to have a definite shape and volume
The closely packed arrangement of particles
Do particles in a solid move
Yes, they vibrate
What pattern creates crystalline solids
a regular repeating pattern
What is a crystalline solid
A solid made of crystals which melts at a distinct temp.
What pattern creates an amorphous solid
an irregular pattern
What happens when an amorphous solid is heated
it becomes softer and softer or change into another substance
What is a liquid
a state of matter with a definite/constant volume but no shape of its own
What type of pattern are liquids in
a tightly packed pattern where particles move freely
Why does a liquid not have a definite shape
because it’s particles move freely
What is a fluid
a substance that flow
What is surface tension
an inward force/pull among the molecules in a liquid that brings the molecules on the surface closer together
Due to surface tension the surface of water can act like a sort of ____
skin
What is viscosity
a liquid’s flowing resistance
What is viscosity dependent on
size and shape of the liquids particles and the attraction between particles
What are 2 states of matter that are fluids
gas and liquid
What is gas
a state of matter with an indefinite shape and volume
What is volume
the amount of space matter fills
How is the volume of gas determined
on the volume of the container its in
What is pressure
the outward force of gas
What is the formula to find pressure
P= Force/Area
Whatis concentration
the number of gas particles in a given unit of volume
What is temperature
the measure of the average energy of random motion of particles of matter
Do particles move faster or slower with higher temperatures and more energy
faster
What has more thermal energy then solids
solid–>liquid–>gas
What is melting
the change of a sloid to a liquid
What is the temperature at which crystalline solids melt
melting point
What happens to a solids particles when it melts
they vibrate fast enough with thermal energy to break free of their fixed positions
What is changing of liquid to solid
freezing
What is changing of liquid to gas
vaporization
What happenes to the particles of liquids in vaporization
they gain enough thermal energy to move independently
What are the two types of vaporization
boiling and evaporation
What is evaporation
vaporization which takes place on the surface of liquid
What is boiling
vaporization which takes place both bellow and at the surface of a liquid
What is the temperature which a liquid boils
boiling point
What is the change from gas to lquid
condensation
What is sublimation
the change from solid to gas
What causes sublimation
When solids gain enough thermal energy to become gas
Is steam gas
no it is water
When volume of a gas is constant what happens if temperature rises
pressure rises (const vol, /\ temp, higher press /)
What is (Jacques) Charles’ Law
const press, temp /\, vol /)
How do you convert Celcius to Kelvin
add 273
What is something directly proportional
graphed straight line that passes through the orgin
is Charles’ Law directly proportional
yes
What is (Robert) Boyle’s Law
const temp, /\ press, \/ vol
What is Boyle’s Law on a graph
inversely proportional
What is inversely proportional
When the product of 2 varibales is constant (multiply to one [same] number) and makes a curved line
If viscosity is high the substance flows ____
slowly
