Chapter 1 Test Flashcards
What is matter
anything that has mass and takes up space
Everything is made of _____
matter
Matter can have many different ________
properties/characteristics
What is Chemistry
the study of matter and how it changes
What is a substance
a single kind of matter that always has a specific makeup or composition
Every form of matter has 2 types of properties:
physical and chemical properties
What is a physical property
a characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance
What is a chemical property
a characteristic of a substance that describes its ability to change into a different substance
State of matter is what type of property
physical
What is an element
a substance that can’t be broken down into any other substance
What is the simplest substance
an element
What is used to identify elements
physical and chemical properties
What is all matter made of
atoms
What is the basic particle
an atom
Why do elements have different properties
because their atoms are different
What forms between 2 atoms when they combine
a chemical bond
What is it called when 2 atoms combine with a chemical bond
a Molecule
What is a chemical bond
force of attraction between 2 atoms
What is a compound
a substance made of 2 or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio
What represents a compound
a chemical formula
What is a chemical formula
a formula representing the elements in a compound and the ratio of atoms
What is a mixture
2 or more substances in the same place but their elements are not bonded
Does each substance in a mixture keep its own properties
yes
What are the 2 types of mixtures
heterogeneous and homogeneous
Whats the difference between a homogeneous and heterogeneous mixture
Homogeneous is hard to seperate and heterogeneous isn’t
What are the 4 methods to seperate a mixture
evaporation, distillation, magnetic attraction, filtration
What is weight
the measure of the force of gravity on something/someone
What is weight dependent on
the force of gravity on the planet
What is mass
the amount of matter in an object (doesn’t change with gravity)
Mass is what type of property
physical
What do scientists use to measure the properties of matter
The International System of Unites (French:Systeme International d’Unites Abreveation: SI)
What is the SI unit for mass
kilogram (kg)
What is volume
the amount of space matter occupies
What is the SI unit of volume
cubic meter (m3)
How do you calculate the volume of something
LxWxH
What is density
the measure of the mass in a given volume (g/[volume unit])
How do you find Density
Mass divided by volume
What is the density of water
1 g/cm3 (objects with higher density sink, lower float)
What are the 3 states of matter
solid, liquid, gas
What type of change is dissolving
physical (mixture)
What is the law of conservation of mass/matter
Matter can not be created or destroyed
What does every chemical and physical change include
a change in energy
Can energy be created or destroyed?
no, only transformed into different forms
What is temperature
the measure of how hot or cold something is
What is temperature related too
the energy of motion of the particles of matter
What is thermal energy
the total energy of the motion of all the particles in an object
What does thermal energy naturally flow to
warmer to cooler matter
What is an endothermic change
a change where energy is absorbed
What is an exothermic change
a change where energy is realesed
What is chemical energy
the energy stored in the chemical bonds between atoms
