Chapter 2 Study Guide Flashcards
Enzymes affect the reactions in living cells by changing the
Speed of the Reaction
Which of the following terms describes a substance formed by the combination of two or more elements in definite proportions?
A compound
If an atom contains 11 protons and 12 neutrons, its atomic number is
11
Which of the following makes up a molecule of water?
Two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen
The nucleus is made up of
Nuetrons and protons
What type of ion forms when an atom loses electrons?
Positive
The most abundant compound in most living things is
Water
When hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water, water is
A product
A substance with a pH of 6 is called
An acid
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons and
Electrons
When salt is dissolved in water, water is the
Solvent
A covalent bond is formed as the result of
Sharing electrons
In chemical reactions, atoms are
Rearranged
Identify the reactant(s) in the chemical reaction, CO2 + H2O → H2CO3.
CO2 and H2O
What is the main source of energy for living things?
Carbohydrates
Solutions that contain concentrations of H+ ions lower than pure water
Are bases
A substance that accelerates the rate of a chemical reaction is called a(an)
A catalyst
A monosaccharide is a
Carbohydrate
What is the term used to describe the energy needed to get a reaction started?
Activation Energy
If the pH of stomach acid and of oven cleaner were measured,
The pH of the stomach acid would be below 7, but the pH of the oven cleaner would be above 7
What is a form of energy that may be released during a chemical reaction?
Heat
What is the process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals?
Chemical Reactions
What type of electron is available to form bonds?
A valence
The three particles that make up an atom are
Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons
The space surrounding the nucleus of an atom contains
Electrons
