Chapter 2 - Speech Science Flashcards
Phoneme
Smallest unit of sound to effect meaning
Syllable
Smallest phonetic unit
Allophone
Different variations of phonemes
Onset
Nucleus
Coda
Positions of words
2 systems of classifying sounds
1) Distinctive feature analysis: descriptions of speech sounds by unique characteristics that distinguish phonemes from another
2) Place, Manner, Voicing
Cognate pair
Sounds that differ only in voicing
Vowels classified by
Lip position (rounded/unrounded)
Tense/lax
Tongue height
Tongue advancement
Diphthong
Sound formed by combining two weeks in a single syllable, sounds beings as one vowel and moves to another (coin, loud)
Define sound in two ways
1) physical - vibration of molecules in medium
2) physiological - vibration of air that is audible
Compression
Phrase of a sound where vibration of an object increase density of air molecules
Rarefaction
Thinning of molecules when vibrating object returns to equilibrium
Harmonic
Whole number multiples of fundamental frequency
Simple harmonic motion
Back and forth of particles
Frequency that repeats itself
Sinusoidal wave
One peak
Horizontal and vertical are symmetric
Two main vibratory motion characteristics
Frequency and amplitude