Chapter 10 - Audiology & Hearing

Question 1

Pinna

Answer 1

Funnels sound to ear canal and helps localize sound

Question 2

External auditory canal

Answer 2

Goes from Pinna to tympanic membrane

Question 3

Cerumen

Answer 3

Earwax

Cleans and lubricates ear canal

Question 4

Tympanic membrane

Answer 4

Vibrates in response to Sound pressure
Easy to damage
Better with lower frequency sounds

Question 5

Ossicular chain

Answer 5

3 bones - malleus, incus, stapes

Transmits sound with no distortions, amplifies incoming sounds

Question 6

Muscles of middle ear

Answer 6

Tensor tympani

Stapedius (smallest bone in body, stiffens occiular chair)

Question 7

Acoustic reflex

Answer 7

When muscles contract after a loud noise

Protective function

Question 8

Cochlea

Answer 8

Endolymph fluid

Organ of corti - hair cells that response to sound vibrations and translate them into electrical energy

Question 9

Ear responds to sounds between

Answer 9

20-20000 hz

Most sensitive to 100-4000 hz

Question 10

Norma speech varies between

Answer 10

50-69 dB

Question 11

Conductive hearing loss

Answer 11

Normal bone conduction 
Middle and inner ear compromised 
Some residual hearing
Speak softly
Loss of 20-35 dB if have from otitis media

Question 12

Sensorineural hearing loss

Answer 12

Permanent change to hair cells of cochlea or the auditory nerve

Question 13

Ménière’s disease

Answer 13

Fluctuating hearing loss because of excessive endolymph fluid pressure
Associated with vertigo and tinnitus

Question 14

Retrocochlear disease

Answer 14

Damage to nerve fibers along auditory pathway to cortex

Unilateral high frequency hearing loss

Question 15

Mild hearing loss

Answer 15

16-40

Question 16

Moderate hearing loss

Answer 16

41-55

Question 17

Moderately-severe

Answer 17

55-65

Question 18

Severe hearing loss

Answer 18

66-89

Question 19

Profound hearing loss

Answer 19

90+

Question 20

Common speech impairments of hearing loss

Answer 20

Distortions of fricatives and stops
Omissions of initial and final consonants 
Substitute voiced for voiceless 
Omission of /s/ in all positions 
Increased vowel duration

Question 21

Language impairments with hearing loss

Answer 21

Impaired syntax
Reading comprehension 
Rate
Pitch
Poor stress patterns

Question 22

Cued speech

Answer 22

Manual cues that represent speech sounds
8 signs for consonants
4 signs for vowels

Question 23

Aural/oral method

Answer 23

Using amplification methods to maximize residual hearing along with some oral communication

Question 24

Manual approach

Answer 24

Nonverbal communication

Signing or finger spelling

Question 25

Total communication

Answer 25

Verbal and nonverbal language