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Sociology > Chapter 2 Quiz Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Quiz Terms Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

shared beliefs, values, norms, and behaviors

A

Culture

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2
Q

refers to the objects or belongings of a group of people

A

Material Culture

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3
Q

refers to a society’s ideas, attitudes, and beliefs

A

Nonmaterial Culture

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4
Q

a disorientation when your nonmaterial culture fails and does not help you make sense out of the world

A

Culture Shock

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5
Q

a person believes his or her culture and its goods and services are superior to that of all other cultures and people

A

Ethnocentrism

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6
Q

is the practice of assessing a culture by its standards

A

Cultural Relativism

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7
Q

another term for nonmaterial culture

A

Symbolic Culture

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8
Q

gestures or objects that have meanings associated with them

A

Symbol

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9
Q

are the way people use their bodies to communicate

A

Gestures

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10
Q

is a symbolic system of communication

A

Language

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11
Q

our thought processes predominantly determine how we view the world

A

Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

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12
Q

the standards by which people define what is desirable or undesirable, superior or inferior, good or bad, beautiful or ugly

A

Values

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13
Q

expectations of “right” behavior

A

Norms

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14
Q

either expressions of approval given to people for following norms or expressions of disapproval for violating them

A

Sanctions

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15
Q

a reward or positive reaction for following norms, ranging from a smile to material rewards

A

Positive Sanction

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16
Q

an expression of disapproval for breaking a norm, ranging from a mild, informal reaction such as a frown to a formal reaction such as getting fired or receiving a prison sentence

A

Negative Sanction

17
Q

norms that are not strictly enforced

A

Folkways

18
Q

norms that are strictly enforced because they are thought essential to core values or the well being of the group

A

Mores

19
Q

a norm so strong that it brings extreme sanctions, even revulsion, if violated

A

Taboo

20
Q

the values and related behaviors of a group that distinguish its members from the larger culture; a world within a world

A

Subculture

21
Q

A group whose values, beliefs, norms, and related behaviors place its members in opposition to the broader culture (rejects some of the larger culture’s norms and values

A

Counterculture

Sociology (10 decks)

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