Chapter 2: Properties of Matter Flashcards
A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
Element
Matter that always has exactly the same composition.
pure substance
The smallest particle of an element. That still has the characteristics of that element.
Atom
A combination of two or more elements joined in a fixed proportion.
Compound
A mixture where the parts of the mixture are noticeably different from one another.
Heterogenous Mixture
A mixture where the substances are so evenly distributed it is difficult to distinguish one substance in the mixture from another.
Homogenous Mixture
A homogenous mixture where the particles are too small to settle out, filter out, or scatter light.
Solution
A heterogenous mixture that settles out over time.
Suspension
A mixture with some particles that are intermediate in size. You can see the parts, but they will not settle out over time, and cannot be separated into layer.
Colloid
Any characteristic of a material that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the substances in the material.
Physical Property
Viscosity, Conductivity, Malleability, Hardness, Melting Point, Boiling Point, Density
Physical Properties
A liquids tendency to resist flowing.
Viscosity
A materials ability to allow heat or electricity to flow.
Conductivity
The ability of a solid to be hammered without shattering.
Malleability
A materials resistance to being scratched.
Hardness
The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid.
Melting Point (The melting point of water is 0 degrees Celsius)
The temperature where a substance goes from a liquid to a gas.
Boiling Point (The boiling point of water is 100 degrees Celsius)
The ratio of a substances mass to its volume.
Density (This will determine what will float)
A process that separates materials based on the size of their particles.
Filtration
A process that separates the substances in a mixture based on boiling points.
Distilation
Can only be observed when the substances in a sample of matter are changing into different substances.
Chemical Property
A materials ability to burn in the presence of oxygen.
Flammability
How readily a substance will combine with other substances.
Reactivity
What are three signs of a chemical change.
A change in color.
Production of a gas.
Formation of Precipitate.
A solid that is formed in a liquid.
Preciptate
A change in a substance that does not change the chemical composition of the substance.
Physical Change
A change in a substance that changes the chemical composition of the substance.
Chemical Change.
