Chapter 2- Part 7 Flashcards
What are the 3 types of muscular actions?
Isoinertial, isometric, isokinetic
What does an isokinetic action involve?
The speed or velocity of the movement is held constant, as is the resistance provided
Eg: Specialised resistance machines
What does an isometric action involve?
The muscle length remains unchanged as tension is developed
Eg: Wall Sit
What are the characteristics of isometric actions?
They produce the greatest amount of force, but are the least resistant to fatigue
What does an isoinertial action involve?
They maintain a constant mass, as a weight is placed on an extremity which is put through a specific movement.
The direction of motion can change but the force does not change
What do isoinertial actions benefit?
They strenghten both the muscles being targeted and stabiliser muscles, sports-specific training can be conducted
What is the most common muscular contraction and when does it occur?
Isoinerital contractions, occurring whenever the muscle length changes through a range of motion
What do isokinetic muscle contractions lead to and why?
The biggest gains in muscular strength and power, because they work muscles maximally through the entire range of motion
What are concentric contractions?
When muscles shorten under tension, such as the upwards phase of a bicep curl
What are eccentric contraction?
When muscles lengthen under tension, such as the downwards phase of a bicep curl
What do concentric contractions lead to in terms of filaments?
Myosin filaments reaching out, attaching to and pulling on actin filaments
Which anatomical movements are used during a freestyle stroke?
Elbow flexion, shoulder rotation
What are the agonist and antagonist muscles during a chest press?
Agonist = Pectoralis Major Antagonist = Latissimus Dorsi
What are the agonist and antagonist muscles in an ab crunch?
Agonist = Rectus Abdominus Antagonist = Erector Spinae
What are the agonist and antagonist muscles in a heel raise?
Agonist = Gastrocnemius Antagonist = Tibialis Anterior
