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Medical Terminology > Chapter 2: Organization of the body > Flashcards

Chapter 2: Organization of the body Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Cells

A

Individual units found in all parts of the human body

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2
Q

Tissues

A

Similar cells grouped together to do a specific job

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3
Q

Organs

A

Structures composed of several kinds of tissue

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4
Q

Systems

A

Groups of organs working together to perform complex functions

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5
Q

Cranial Cavity

A

Brain and pituitary gland

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6
Q

Thoracic Cavity

A

Chest organs, lungs, and heart

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7
Q

Abdominal Cavity

A

Digestive organs: stomach, small and large intestines, spleen, and pancreas

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8
Q

Pelvic Cavity

A

urinary and reproductive : urinary bladder, ureters, urethra, rectum, anus, ovaries, and uterus

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9
Q

Spinal Cavity

A

Nervous system; Spinal column and nerves of the spinal cord

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10
Q

Cervical Division (spinal column)

A

Neck region (7 vertebra)

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11
Q

Thoracic Division (spinal column)

A

Chest region (12 vertebra)

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12
Q

Lumbar Division ( spinal column)

A

going or waist region (5 vertebra)

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13
Q

Sacral Division (spinal column)

A

sacrum or lower back (1 vertebra)

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14
Q

Coccygeal Division (spinal column)

A

Coccyx or tailbone (1 vertebra)

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15
Q

Frontal (coronal) Plane

A

Vertical plane that divides the body or body part, into front and back portions

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16
Q

Sagittal (lateral) Plane

A

Another type of vertical plane that divides the body or organ into left and right sides

17
Q

Midsagittal Plane

A

Divides body vertically into right and left halves

18
Q

Transverse (axial) Plane

A

Horizontal plane that divides the body or organ into upper and lower portions, as in a cross - section

19
Q

Circulatory system

A

Transports blood: heart, blood, and blood vessels

20
Q

Lymphatic System

A

Lymph vessels and nodes that carry lymph, important role is immunity

21
Q

Digestive System

A

Breaks down food: brings food into the body and breaks it down so it can enter into the bloodstream

22
Q

Endocrine System

A

Composed of glands; sends chemical messengers called hormones into the blood

23
Q

Reproductive System

A

Produces sex hormones: ovaries and testes, produce the cells that join to form embryo

24
Q

Musculoskelal System

A

Including muscles, bones, and connective tissues; supports the body and allows it to move

25
Q

Nervous System

A

Carries electrical messages to and from the brain and spinal cord

26
Q

Respiratory Sytem

A

Transports air: controls breathing, a process in which air enters and leaves the body

27
Q

Urinary System

A

Produces urine and sends urine and wastes out of the body through the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra

28
Q

Skin and Sense Organs

A

Including skin, eyes, and ears - receives messages from enviornment and sends them to the brain

Medical Terminology (25 decks)

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