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Medical Terminology > Appendix 1 Part 2: Body systems > Flashcards

Appendix 1 Part 2: Body systems Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

amenorrhea

A

absence of menstrual flow

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2
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

painful menstral flow

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3
Q

ectopic pregnancy

A

pregnancy outside the uterus, usually in Fallopian tube

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4
Q

endometriosis

A

inner lining uterine tissue grows in other abdominal or pelvic areas

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5
Q

fibroids

A

benign tumors in uterus

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6
Q

menorrhagia

A

excessive discharge of blood from the uterus

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7
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease

A

inflammation in the pelvic region, usually in the Fallopian tubes

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8
Q

amniocentesis

A

surgical puncture of the amniotic sac to withdraw fluid for analysis

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9
Q

aspiration

A

withdrawal of fluid from a cavity or sac

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10
Q

colposcopy

A

visual examination of vagina and cervix with endoscope

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11
Q

conization

A

removal of a cone-shape section of the cervix for biopsy

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12
Q

hysterosalpingography

A

x-ray of the uterus and fallopian tubes

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13
Q

mammography

A

x-ray imaging of the breast

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14
Q

pap smear

A

recreation removal from cervix and vagina for microscopic analysis for presence of disease

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15
Q

pelvic ultasonography

A

viewing pelvic organs via sound waves

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16
Q

pregnancy test

A

measure of human chorionic gonaclotropin(HCG), a hormone in blood and urine indicating pregnancy

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17
Q

cauterization

A

use of heat to destroy abnormal tissue

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18
Q

cryosurgery

A

use of cold temperature to freeze and destroy tissue

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19
Q

dilation and curettage (D&C)

A

widening of cervix and scraping the lining of uterus to remove tissue

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20
Q

myomectomy

A

removal of fibroid tissue from the uterus

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21
Q

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

A

suppression or deficiency of the immune response related to the exposure of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

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22
Q

lymphoma (Hodgkin disease)

A

Malignant tumor or lymph nodes and tissue

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23
Q

mononucleosis

A

Acute infectious disease with enlargement of lymph nodes and increased number of lymphocytes and monocytes in the blood

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24
Q

Sarcoldosis

A

inflammation where small nodules or tubercles form in the lymph nodes or other organs

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25
Q

computed tomography (CT)

A

a series of cross-sectional x-ray images of lymphoid organs

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26
Q

ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)

A

a screen for antibiotics to the HIV which causes AIDS

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27
Q

Western blot test

A

blood test to detect the presence of antibodies o specific antigens like HIV

28
Q

chemotherapy

A

treatment with powerful drugs to kill cancerous cells

29
Q

radiotherapy

A

treatment with high-dose

30
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland

31
Q

cryptorchism

A

condition of undescended testis, not in the sacral sac

32
Q

hydrocele

A

sac of clear fluid in scrotum

33
Q

prostatic carcinoma

A

cancer of the prostate gland

34
Q

testicular carcinoma

A

malignant tumor of the testis

35
Q

variocele

A

enlarged, swollen veins near a testicle

36
Q

digital rectal examination

A

examination of the prostate gland with finger palpation through rectum

37
Q

prostate - specific antigen

A

measurement of the amount of PSA in the blood

38
Q

semen analysis

A

measurement of the number, shape, and motility of sperm

39
Q

orchiopexy

A

surgical fixation of an undescended testicle

40
Q

vasectomy

A

vas deferens on each side is cut, ends are folded and litigated

41
Q

ankylosing spondylitis

A

chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints in the spine and pelvis

42
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome

A

compression of median nerve as it passes between the ligament and bones and tendons of the wrist

43
Q

gouty arthritis (gout)

A

inflammation of the joints caused by excessive uric acid

44
Q

muscular dystrophy

A

inherited disorder characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers

45
Q

osteoporosis

A

decrease in bone density with thinning and weakening of bone

46
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

chronic inflammation of joints, pain, swelling, and stiffening, especially small joints of the hands and feet

47
Q

antinuclear antibody test (ANA)

A

sample of plasma tested or the presence of antibodies found in patients with systemic lupus erythenatosus

48
Q

arthrocentesis

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid from a joint

49
Q

arthrography

A

x-ray imagine of a joint

50
Q

arthroscopy

A

visual examination of a joint with an arthroscope

51
Q

bone density test

A

low energy x-rays of bones in spinal column, pelvis, and writs to detect bone deficiency

52
Q

Bone scan

A

radioactive substance is injected intravenously and its uptake in bones is measure with a special scan

53
Q

calcium

A

measurement of amount of calcium in blood to evaluate disease of the bone

54
Q

electromyography (EMG)

A

recording the strength of muscle contractions a result of electrical stimulation

55
Q

erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

A

measurement of rate at which red blood cells fall to the bottom of a test tube associated to inflammatory diseases

56
Q

muscle biopsy

A

removal of muscle tissue for microscopic examination

57
Q

uric acid test

A

measurement of amount of uric acid in the blood

58
Q

arthroplasty

A

surgical repair of a joint

59
Q

chemonucleolysis

A

treated of a herniated disk by injected by chymopapaiu to dissolve the inner portion of the disk

60
Q

endoscopic diskectomy

A

surgical removal of a herniated intervertebral disk with endoscope

61
Q

laminectomy

A

surgical removal of a portion of a vertebra to allow visualization mi

61
Q

laminectomy

A

surgical removal of a portion of a vertebra to allow visualization mi

61
Q

laminectomy

A

surgical removal of a portion of a vertebra to allow visualization mi

62
Q

laminectomy

A

surgical removal of a portion of a vertebra to allow visualization mi

63
Q

microscopic diskectomy

A

surgical removal of a herniated disk

64
Q

Vertebroplasty

A

Surgical repair of vertebrae

Medical Terminology (25 decks)

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