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Medical Terminology > Appendix 2 Part 1: Body systems > Flashcards

Appendix 2 Part 1: Body systems Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

arteriography

A

x-ray recording of artier after injection of a contrast substance into an artery

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2
Q

barium enema

A

x-ray pictures of colon after barium sulfate contrast is inserted into the body

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3
Q

barium swallow

A

x-ray pictures of esophagus, duodenum, and small intestine, after contrast is swallowed

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4
Q

coronary arteriography

A

x-ray recording of coronary arteries after injection of substance into coronary artery

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5
Q

cystography

A

x-ray recording of bladder with contrast medium so outline of bladder can be seen

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6
Q

digital subtraction angiography

A

x-ray technique for viewing blood vessels by taking 2 pictures and subtracting 1 from the other

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7
Q

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

A

x-ray recording of bile duct, pancreas, and pancreatic ducts

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8
Q

endoscopic ultrasonography

A

sound waves generated by tube inserted into mouth and esophagus

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9
Q

esophagography

A

x-ray imaging or esophagus performed after contrast swallowed

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10
Q

fluroscopy

A

x-ray examination using fluorescent screen to show body in motion

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11
Q

gallbladder ultrasound

A

sound waves are used to visualize gallstones

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12
Q

Brain scan

A

Radioactive substance is injected intravenously, collecting any lesion that disturbs natural barrier

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13
Q

gallium scan

A

radioactive gallium is injected into bloodstream and detected in areas of body where gallium collects

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14
Q

abdominocentesis

A

surgical puncture of membrane surrounding abdomen, removes fluid

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15
Q

audiometry

A

test using sound waves of various frequencies to quantify extent and type of hearing loss

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16
Q

auscultation

A

process of listening for sounds produced within body with a stethoscope

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17
Q

biopsy

A

removal o a piece of tissue fro examination under a microscope

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18
Q

bone marrow biopsy

A

removal of small amount of bone marrow and examined under a microscope

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19
Q

chorionic villus sampling

A

removal of a small piece of placental tissue for analysis to detect fetal abnormalities

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20
Q

culdocentesis

A

surgical puncture to remove flood from cal-de-sac of rectum and uterus, needle is inserted through the vagina

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21
Q

esophagogastro duodenoscopy

A

visual examination of esophagus, stomach and duodenum, endoscope is inserted through the throat

22
Q

esophagoscopy

A

visual examination of esophagus, endoscope inserted through mouth and down throat

23
Q

excision biopsy

A

cutting out entire tissue from body for subsequent examination under microscope

24
Q

exophthalmometry

A

measurement of extend to protrusion of the eyeball in exophthalmos

25
Q

frozen section

A

quick preparation of a biopsy sample for examination during an actual surgical procedure

26
Q

gastroscopy

A

visual examination of stomach, endoscope is inserted through esophagus

27
Q

acid phosphatase

A

measurement of the amount of acid phosphatase enzyme in serum

28
Q

albumin

A

measurement of the amount of albumin protein in the serum or the urine

29
Q

alkaline phosphatase

A

measurement of the amount of alkaline phosphatase enzyme in serum

30
Q

Alpha-fetoprotein

A

Determination of presence of alpha-
globulin protein in serum.

31
Q

ALT

A

Measurement of alanine transaminase
enzyme in serum

32
Q

AST

A

Measurement of aspartate
transaminase enzyme in serum

33
Q

Bence Jones Protein

A

Measurement of the Bence Jones protein in
serum or urine to indicate cancerous bone
marrow cells

34
Q

Bilirubin

A

Measurement of the amount of bilirubin protein
in serum and urine. A high level causes
jaundice and indicates liver disease

35
Q

Blood Chemistry Profile

A

Comprehensive blood test using biochemical
examination of various substances in blood.
May include measurement of calcium,
phosphorus, urea, creatinine, bilirubin, AST,
ALT, alkaline phosphatase, globulin and
albumin

36
Q

Blood Culture

A

Test to determine whether infection is
present in the bloodstream.

37
Q

CA-125

A

Protein released into the bloodstream by
ovarian cancer (CA) cells, determines
response to treatment

38
Q

Carbon Dioxide

A

Blood test to measure the gas produced
in tissue and eliminated by the lungs

39
Q

Carcinoembryonic Antigen

A

A plasma test for a protein normally
found in the blood of human fetuses, and
in very small amounts (if at all) in healthy
adults

40
Q

Cholesterol

A

Measurement of the amount of
cholesterol in the serum or plasma

41
Q

Complete Blood Count

A

Determination of the numbers of
leukocytes, erythrocytes and platelets

42
Q

Creatine Kinase

A

Measurement of the amount of creatine
kinase enzyme in serum or plasma

43
Q

creatinine

A

Measurement of the amount of creatinine
waste in serum or plasma

44
Q

Creatinine Clearance

A

Measurement of the rate at which
creatinine is cleared by the kidneys from
the blood

45
Q

Culture

A

Identification of microorganisms in a
special laboratory medium

46
Q

Differential

A

Determination of the number of
leukocytes (white blood cells) in the
blood, measured in percentages of the
different types of white blood cells
(neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils,
lymphocytes and monocytes) (white
blood cell count)

47
Q

Electrolytes

A

Determination of the concentration of
electrolytes in serum or whole blood

48
Q

Electrophoresis

A

A procedure that separates proteins with
an electric current. (protein
electrophoresis or serum protein
electrophoresis)

49
Q

Estradiol Assay

A

Test for the concentration of estradiol, a
form of estrogen in the serum, plasma or
urine

50
Q

Estrogen Receptor Assay

A

Test performed on a breast biopsy
specimen to determine whether a sample
of tumor contains an estrogen receptor
protein

51
Q

Globulin

A

Measurement of serum proteins that bind
to and destroy foreign substances

Medical Terminology (25 decks)

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