Chapter 2 notes/questions Flashcards
What does individual identity refer to?
The traits that make a persons sense of individuality.
What is collective identity?
A combination of beliefs, values, history and language of a people.
Define traditions.
Customs of a family or culture.
Define language?
A method of human communication either spoken or written, in which words are combined in an agreed way.
What is a pluralistic society
What is a pluralistic society?
A society which a diversity of languages, beliefs, traditions, values, religions and other aspects of culture are imbedded as part of the foundation of the country; a society that respects and values the individual and collective opinions and identities of all people.
The metis were referred to as the ‘first Canadians’. Why do you think they were referred to in this way?
They were considered the first canadians by the colonizers, because they were children of the colonizers. It’s because they have the combined heritage of the First Indigenous peoples and of the colonizers heritage. The metis had a collective identity because they were a country within a country - through government, laws, traditions, customs, language (michif).
Demographics
Facts and figures related to populations ex: the number of males and females that live in an area.
Why Hmong youth are not interested in the traditions of their parents.
Because they think it’s old and not cool. This happened because they don’t know about their anscestors. Their surroundings - schools, other kids that don’t have those beliefs influence them.
What is a francophone?
Being able to speak french
What is an anglophone?
Being able to speak english.
How many different aboriginal languages and language groups ar e there in Canada?
50 languages and 11 groups.
What is official Bilingualism?
A country that has two official languages. In Canada: english and French.
What two important documents state that Canada is officially bilingual?
The BNA act of 1867. The Constitution of 1982.
What are are the two rights that Canadian have as a result of official bilingualism.
-the right to receive services from the federal gov’t in english and french.
-They also have the right to communicate and plead before a federal court in english or french.
What are some of the the criticisms of official bilingualism?
- too expensive
- fails to recognize the may languages and cultures that now make up canada
What is the only province that is officially bilingual?
New Bruswick.
What additional responsibilities does the canadian government have in relation to bilingualism?
- supporting the development of english and french linguistic minority communities
- advancing the equality of status and use of the english and french languages within Canadian society.
Bias
an inclination that makes it difficult to judge fairly
How can globalization shape our collective identity?
We can instantly interact with peoples/cultures from all around the word, by foo/clothing and consume music/entertainment from a diverse selection.
What was the historical identity of Canada for thousands of years?
It was a diverse group of First Nations people (over 100 different First Nations groups).
What was the historical identity of Canada like by the 1800’s?
It was much less diverse, with most Canadians being of British or French descent.
What is a minority group?
Groups that do not identify as part of the (Canadian) majority
Minority groups tend to separate themselves from mainstream culture. What can that open these groups up to?
Discrimination, racism and alienation.
Who did Metis children identify with early on?
Initially with their mother’s culture. But over time, they saw themselves as different from both their First Nations and European ancestors. They began to see themselves as a distinct people.
Who are the Metis?
They are on of canada’s Aboriginal people. The first Metis were the children of the First Nations women and French traders and explorers.
How did the Metis begin to form their own culture?
- They formed a distinctive collective identity, based originally on their shared way of life and marriages between Metis women and men.
- they developed their own language - Michif which is a blend of French and various First Nations languages
- they maintained their identity in part to an extensive political structure, organized gatherings and festivals, and a common struggle for recognition of their rights as Aboriginal people.
Who are the Hmong people?
- from Southeast Asia, a first nation group from Vietnam
- during the Vietnam war they fought on the side of the united States
- as a result they were displaced from their homeland of Laos
- 160, 000 were refugees in the US
How does the culture of the Hmong people differ the US than it did in Laos?
- families were interdependent, extended family plus several of the husband’s relative would live in the same house - in the US Hmong were split up to different states and regions
-Authority of the father was not questioned- in the US women’s rights was strong and gender roles and equality of sexes was very different than in Laos
-Children rarely questioned their parents - in the US parents often didn’t speak english, children became interpreters and weakened the traditional authority of parents
-Hmong lived traditional farm life - US they go to university and have professional careers.
-Hmong were free to practise their religion in the US, but were mistreated for doing so in asia.
How does Aboriginal languages have a significant influence from the land the language is spoken in?
Their language tells them who they are and where they came from. The words for “the land” in their different languages reflect that the land is more than a place or country.
The Quebecois people were recognized as a nation in 2006. What was this based on?
Their unique and distinct language. It’s not just in Quebec. French speakers all across Canada take pride in their language.
What does BNA Act stand for?
British North America Act of 1876
What is the most common and obvious way we express our identity?
appearance
What are styles of dress related to specific cultures?
Kilts - Scotland, Saris - India, Kimonos/robes - Japan
What is cultural appropriation?
the unacknowledged or inappropriate adoption of the customs, practices, ideas etc. of one people or society by members of another and typically more dominant people or society
Why right someone be upset when aspects of their culture are adopted by other cultures?
What is a symbol of their culture my be used in an inappropriate way. Those using it may have no idea of it’s meaning and it would be an unwelcome intrusion.
Others see the attention to different aspects of their culture allows the culture to shine.
