Chapter 2: Methods for food intake analysis Flashcards
What are some methods for food intake analysis?
Diet Recall:
-24 hours
Diet Record:
-3 to 5 days
Food frequency questionnaire
Name the 5 DRI’s
- Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
- Adequate Intake (AI)
- Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
- Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)
- Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)
What was developed by Canada and US?
Dietary Reference Intake
What does the DRI have set values for?
- Many Cats Like Fish Except When Posing Violently
- Minerals, Carbs, Lipids, Fibre, Energy, Water, Protein and Vitamins
Describe the 5 DRI’s
RDA: intake goals for individuals
EAR: intake goals for stages of life and gender groups
AI: goals when insufficient data to set RDA
UL: the maximum amount that is safe
AMDR: ranges of intake from energy-containing nurients
What is the AMDR for carbs?
45-65% daily calories
What is the AMDR for fat?
20-35% daily calories
What is the AMDR for protein?
10-35% daily calories
What is the purpose of DRI’s?
- designed for health maintenance and disease prevention in HEALTHY PEOPLE
- recommendations for OPTIMAL intake
What factors are considered for DRI’s?
- BMI
- Age
- Time
What are the factors not considered in DRI’s?
- Activity
- Diet
- Geographic area
- Lifestyle
- Illness, malnutrition
How much fat is required for energy?
no more than 20-35%
1 calorie=?
1 calorie= 4.2 kJ
How much saturated fat?
no more than 10%
How much carbs?
55%
How much alcohol?
no more than 5% or 2 drinks per day
How much caffeine?
no more than 4 cups (400-450mg) because it is diuretic (increased urine)
How much is the water supply fluoridated to?
1mg/litre
What is on the labels of food packages?
- Nutrition facts box
- components
- specified quantity of food
- calories and 13 nutrients
- % daily value
What is Daily Value?
percentage requirement of a nutrient for a reference person (2000 cal) that would be met by consuming the food
How much Iron is needed for an average person?
8mg
How to see if a food has good amount of nutrient?
> 5% DV: some nutrient
>15% DV: good source of nutrient
What order are foods listed in?
Descending Order
Claims allowed in canada?
- low sodium, high potassium: reduced risk of hypertension
- adequate calcium and vit D: reduced risk of osteoporosis
- low sat and trans fat: reduced risk of heart disease
- rich in veg and fruits: reduced risk of cancer
What are phytochemicals?
- non-nutrient compounds from plants
- supports health
- protects against plaque formation
What are functional foods?
-physiological benefits to reduce chronic disease
How to consume more phytochemicals?
- more veg
- more fruits
- grains
- legumes
Natural sources of phytochemicals?
-yogurt contains Lactobacillus which is probiotic and reduces disease
