Chapter 2 Lesson 3 Flashcards
sarcomere
functional unit of a muscle which is made up of overlapping filaments known as actin and myosin
cross bridge mechanism
The collective physiological processes that cause actin and myosin filaments to slide across each other, functionally shortening the muscle as it develops tension.
length-tension relationship
the tension produced at the resting length of a muscle
resting length
muscles state when standing still not contracting or stretching
neural drive
The rate and volume of activation signals a muscle receives from the central nervous system.
overactive/shortened
occurs when elevated neural drive causes a muscle to be held in a chronic state of contraction
titin
third filament, a protein that runs the entire length of the sarcomere , responsible for muscle elasticity, preventing the actin and myosin filaments from being pulled apart and assisting the muscle to return to its resting length after being stretched
underactive/lengthened
Occurs when inhibited neural drive allows a muscle’s functional antagonist to pull it into a chronically elongated state.
muscle imbalance
alteration of muscle length surrounding a joint
kinetic chain
The combination and interrelation of the nervous, muscular, and skeletal systems
force couple
The synergistic action of muscles to produce movement around a joint
posture
The independent and interdependent alignment (static posture) and function (transitional and dynamic posture) of all components of the human movement system at any given moment, controlled by the central nervous system
structural efficiency
The alignment of each segment of the human movement system, which allows posture to be balanced in relation to a person’s center of gravity
functional efficiency
The ability of the neuromuscular system to recruit correct muscle synergies, at the right time, with the appropriate amount of force to perform functional tasks with the least amount of energy and stress on the human movement system (HMS)
