chapter 2 lesson 1 lesson 2 Flashcards
The aggregate of people living together in a more or less ordered community
Society
A highly structured system of human organization for large-scale community
living that normally furnishes protection, continuity, security, and a national
identity for its members
Society
represent an
ideal type, which more or less
depicts the form, process, and
dynamics of the social reality it
embodies.
Society as a
Concept
Society is seen as an outcome of
multiple interactions of people
Society as a
Facticity
Society can be liken to a deity
since Society holds immense
power to make or unmake lives of
people
Society as a
Facticity
Three Theoretical Perspectives
- Structural Functionalism
- Conflict Theory
- Symbolism Interactionism
Three Theoretical Perspectives
- Structural Functionalism
- Conflict Theory
- Symbolism Interactionism
It gives importance to social
“order”
Structural
Functionalism
It argues that society is made
possible by cooperation and
interdependence.
Structural
Functionalism
This view sees society as a system
with parts, and this parts have their
respective functions to perform.
Structural
Functionalism
sees society
as an arena.
Conflict
Theory
exist because the
powerful or the dominant oppress
the less powerful or subordinate.
Conflict
Theory
ignores
Unity and invokes the Social
Processes rather than the functions
and interdependence.
Conflict
Theory
It explores the issues of
meaning-making.
Symbolic
Interactionism
This argues that society is
continuously re-created when
humans interact.
Symbolic
Interactionism
This is founded on the premise
that we respond based on the
meanings that we attach to the
surroundings.
Symbolic
Interactionism
Rules: Invisible hand of Society
Rules are guides in the performance of roles in everyday actions and
interactions. With this thought, rules are essential in the everyday
conduct of the members of the society.
However not all rules are visible or not written. Our mundane and daily
actions are guided by these unseen rules.
According to ____“is
that complex whole which
includes knowledge, beliefs,
art, morals, law, custom,
and any other capabilities
and habits acquired by a man
as a member of society”
E.B Taylor
According to Cambridge
English Dictionary “ Culture
is a way of life, especially
the general customs and
beliefs of a particular
group of people at a
particular time.
Culture as a
Concept
Refers to the gradual
acquisition of the
characteristics and norms
of a culture or group by a
person or another culture,
etc.
Enculturation
It starts with actual
exposure to another culture
and the duration and extent
of exposure account the
quality of the resulting____
Enculturation
This is a good example of
enculturation.
Culture Shock
Individuals who have
stayed for quite a good
portion of their lives in
a foreign culture may be
shocked by their birth
culture once exposed to
it again.
Culture Shock
According to _____ an english anthropologist. He was the first to coin the term culture in the
18th century.
E.B taylor
According to E.B taylor, an english anthropologist. He was the first to coin the term culture in the
18th century.
Aspects of Culture
According to E.B Taylor “is
that complex whole which
includes knowledge, beliefs,
art, morals, law, custom,
and any other capabilities
and habits acquired by a man
as a member of society”
culture as concept
Culture is a unique quality of man which separates him from the lower animals
Aspects of Culture
Culture includes all the man acquires in his social life
Aspects of Culture
Characteristics of culture
- Explicit culture
- Implicit culture
defined culture in a sense “ A Culture is a historically derived system of
explicit and implicit designs for living, which tends to be shared by all or especially designed
member of a group”
Kluckhohn and kelly
Kluckhohn and kelly defined culture in a sense “ A Culture is a historically derived system of
explicit and implicit designs for living, which tends to be shared by all or especially designed
member of a group”
Characteristics of culture
refers to similarities in words and actions which can be directly observed.
Example: the adolescent cultural behavior can be generalized by looking at the way teens dress,
their mannerism and conversations.
Explicit culture
exist in abstract forms which are not quite obvious.
Implicit culture
According to _____ “ A culture, like an individual, is a more or less consistent pattern of
thought and action”
Ruth Benedict
According to Ruth Benedict “ A culture, like an individual, is a more or less consistent pattern of
thought and action”
Characteristics of culture
7 Characteristics of culture
- Culture is social because it is a product of behavior
- Culture varies from society to society
- Culture is shared
- Culture is Learned.
- Culture is transmitted among members of society
- Culture is continuous and cumulative
- Culture is gratifying and idealistic
Different types of behavior:
Overt Behavior and Covert Behavior
Culture does not exist in isolation. It is a product of society.
Culture is social because it is a product of behavior
It develops through social interaction and no
man can acquire culture without association with others.
Culture is social because it is a product of behavior
As the people behave, there occur changes in
them.
Culture is social because it is a product of behavior
They acquire the ability to swim, to feel hatred toward someone or to sympathize someone. also
many of people’s traits and abilities have grown out of their own past behavior.
Culture is social because it is a product of behavior
Every society has a culture of it’s own that differs from other societies.
Culture varies from society to society
The culture of it’s society is
unique itself.
Culture varies from society to society
Cultures are not uniform it has cultural elements like customs, traditions, morals, values.
Culture varies from society to society