Chapter 2 interatomic bonding Flashcards

1
Q

Some of the following properties are determined by electronic structure

A
  • chemical
  • electrical
  • thermal
  • optical
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

an atom contains 3 thongs

A

electrons

protons

neutrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

atomic number

A
  • number of protons in the nucleus of an atoms

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is an amu?

A

atomic mass number 1/12 mass of 12C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

atomic weight

A

wt of 6.022 * 1023 molecules or atonms

1 amu/atom = 1 g/mol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

2 models of electronic structure

A

Bohr’s model

wave mechanical atom model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

in electron structure, electrons have wavelike and particle properties. two of the wavelike characteristics are

A
  • electrons are in orbitals defined by a probability
  • each orbital at discrete energy level is determined by quantum numbers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

quantum number

n =

l =

m<em>l = </em>

ms =

A

n = principal ( energy level shell, size, average distance)

l = subsidiary (subshell, shape)

m<em>l = </em>magnetic (number of obitals)

ms = spin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

electron energy states

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

electron states filling orbitals

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

electron configurations

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

* quick reminder *

survey of elements

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

valence electrons

A

those in unfilled shells

are the most available for bonding and tend to control the chemical properties

ex

1s2 2s2 2p2

valence electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

* quick reminder *

the periodic table

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

electronegativity

A

is a measure of an atom’s ability to attract shared electrons to itself.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

electronegativity on the periodic table

17
Q

ionic bond

A

type of linkage formed from the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in a chemical compound.

18
Q

* quick reminder *

ionic bond

19
Q

1) ionic bonding occurs between __ and __ ions
2) requires ____ transfer
3) large difference in ________ required
4) good example is _____

A

1) ionic bonding occurs between + and - ions
2) requires electron transfer
3) large difference in electronegativity required
4) good example is NaCI

Na (metal, unstable ) CI (nonmetal, unstable)

Na (cation,stable) + - CI(anion, stable)

20
Q

* quick reference *

ionic bonding on the periodic table

21
Q

cations

A

atom or group of atoms that bears a positive electric charge.

22
Q

anions

A

has more electrons than protons, consequently giving it a net negative charge.

23
Q

electron cloud

A

the system of electrons surrounding the nucleus of an atom.

24
Q

* quick reference *

bond hybrization - carbon

25
primary bonding
involve sharing or donating electrons between atoms to form a more stable electron configuration
26
\* quick reference \* primary bonding
27
secondary bonding
They are usually formed when an uneven charge distribution occurs, creating what is known as a dipole (the total charge is zero, but there is slightly more positive or negative charge on one end of the atom than on the other
28
\* quick reference \* secondary bonding
29
\* quick refernece \* summary bonding
30
Tm
melting temperature
31
what is the coefficient of thermal expansion represented by
α ( alpha )
32
thermal expansion
is the tendency of matter to change in shape, volume, and area in response to a change in temperature
33
types of bonding that occurs ceramics - metals - polymers -
ceramics - Ionic & covalent bonding metals - Metallic bonding polymers - Covalent & Secondary
34
_Large bond energy_ large \_\_ large \_\_ small \_\_\_
_Large bond energy_ large Tm large Energy small α (thermal expansion)
35
_Variable bond energy_ moderate \_\_ moderate \_\_ moderate \_\_\_
_Variable bond energy_ moderate Tm moderate Energy moderate α (thermal expansion)
36
_Directional Properties_ Secondary bonding dominates small \_\_\_ small \_\_\_ large \_\_\_
small Tm small Energy large α (thermal expansion)