Chapter 14 Polymer Structures

Question 1

what is a polymer

Answer 1

polymer is a substance or material consisting of very large molecules, or macromolecules, composed of many repeating subunits.

Question 2

ancient polymers

Answer 2

• wood
• cotton
• leather
• rubber

Question 3

hydrocarbons

Answer 3

a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon.

Question 4

molecular structures example

Answer 4

Question 5

Unsaturated hydrocarbons

Answer 5

Unsaturated hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons that have double or triple covalent bonds between adjacent carbon atoms. The term “unsaturated” means more hydrogen atoms may be added to the hydrocarbon to make it saturated

Question 6

Isomerism

Answer 6

Isomerism is the phenomenon in which more than one compounds have the same chemical formula but different chemical structures.

Question 7

polymerization

Answer 7

polymerization is a process of reacting monomer molecules together in a chemical reaction to form polymer chains or three-dimensional networks.

Question 8

polyethylene

Answer 8

polyethylene is the most common plastic in use today. It is a polymer, primarily used for packaging (plastic bags, plastic films, geomembranes and containers including bottles, etc.).

Question 9

molecular weight

Answer 9

molecular weight - The molecular mass is the mass of a given molecule: it is measured in daltons.

Question 10

molecular weight distribution

formula

Answer 10

molecular weight distribution describes the relationship between the number of moles of each polymer species (Ni) and the molar mass (Mi) of that species

Question 11

molecular weight calc

ex

Answer 11

Question 12

degree of polymerization

Answer 12

The degree of polymerization (DP or Xn) is defined as the number of monomer units in the polymer. It is calculated as the ratio of molecular weight of a polymer and molecular weight of the repeat unit. Number average DP and weight average DP are the two main types used for measuring the DP.

Question 13

molecular structures of polymers

Answer 13

Question 14

polymer - molecular shape

Answer 14

Question 15

Molecular Configurations for Polymers

Configurations

Answer 15

Question 16

Tacticity

Answer 16

Tacticity is the relative stereochemistry of adjacent chiral centers within a macromolecule. The practical significance of tacticity rests on the effects on the physical properties of the polymer.

Question 17

cis vs trans

isomerism

Answer 17

Question 18

Copolymers

two or more monomers polymerized together

random -

alternating -

block -

graft -

Answer 18

copolymer - is a polymer derived from more than one species of monomer. The polymerization of monomers into copolymers is called copolymerization.

Question 19

Answer 19

Question 20

polymer single crystals

Answer 20

Question 21

semicrystalline polymer

Answer 21

Semicrystalline polymers are a mixture of both crystalline and amorphous structures.