Chapter 2 Info Flashcards
Three stages of the interpreted encounter:
- Pre-encounter:
Preparation and debriefing - The encounter:
Professional introduction, interpreting, intervening/mediating - Post-encounter:
Debriefing and analysis
Four protocols for community interpreting
- Positioning
- standing
- avoid eye contact - Professional introductions
- interpret everything
- maintain confidentiality
- encourage parties to speak to each other and not you
- will make hand gesture if parties need to pause
- first person will be used
- take notes only to ensure accuracy
- You May intervene to request clarification or repetition
- encourage parties to ask about anything you say that isn’t clear - Direct speech
- first person - Turn-taking management
- managing the flow
- develop memory skills
- when to ask speakers to pause
- note-taking skills underdeveloped
- linguistic or cultural communication barrier arises
- what gesture to use to pause
Strategies to enhance memory:
Mnemonics
Chunking
Imagery
Mnemonics
Strategies that help us to use information we already know while we are encoding new information to help us retrieve that information later.
Most common:
Visualization, rhyme, and acronyms
Chunking
The process of taking information and breaking it into parts or chunks to help you recall the information. You divide a message into parts that have meaning (or to which you assign meaning). In other words, chunking is the process of organizing information into smaller, meaningful wholes.
Imagery and visualization
Try to visualize “who did what to whom” to help you remember and interpret longer messages.
Three message transfer skills
- Anticipating
- You can foresee what is probably about to happen or be said (at least roughly), then plan for it. - Multitasking
- interpreting requires both cognitive and emotional involvement at the same time. - Message analysis
- Find words, concepts, and structures that are equivalent of the original message in a target language.
- 1. Listen to the message.- Extract the meaning.
- Find equivalent target language concepts to reformulate the message.
- Assess the rendered message.
Two skills-building strategies
- Parroting (shadowing)
- repeating Word for Word in the same language what a speaker says.
- Helpful for simultaneous interpreting skills, but also helps with consecutive interpreting practice. Accelerate cognitive process and improves word choice. Will help you develop the skills to listen, understand, speak, and monitor yourself. And increase your speed and enhance your addiction, fluency, and speaking rate. Can reinforce the neural pathways – the connections inside your long-term memory.
- ex. Practice English-English first, than Spanish-Spanish. Practice with slow recording first for two minutes and then find faster recordings. When it becomes easy, try for 6 minutes.
- Paraphrasing
- saying the same thing in different words in the same language
- Ex. Read lists of synonyms, phrasal nouns, or idioms. Then have someone randomly read you words from the list and you paraphrase them.
- Ex. Select slow speech recording and restate sentences in same language with speaker still speaking. Then increase speed.
Four interpreting modes
Consecutive- interpreting message after speaker has paused
Simultaneous- interpreting while someone is still speaking, with a slight delay
Sight translation- a hybrid of translation and interpreting
Summarization- Listening/reading and understanding a message or document and then reformulating the essence of it in the target language. last resort
Avoid sight translating documents that are:
C = complex A = advanced L = legal L = long
Three note-taking techniques:
Rozan technique
- note the idea, rather than the words- 🙂
- the rules of abbreviation - cmty
- links - 🔙
- negation - 📵
- emphasis - ‼️
- verticality
- shift (using the space on the page to represent meaning)
Symbol and abbreviation systems
Repetitive practice materials
