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Human Anatomy > Chapter 2 Human Anatomy > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Human Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Define chemistry

A

study of matter and its reactions

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2
Q

Define matter

A

has mass and volume

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3
Q

Define mass

A

measure of matter

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4
Q

Define volume

A

amount of space occupied

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5
Q

Are mass and weight the same

A

No, weight depends on gravity

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6
Q

Define element

A

simplest form of matter that has unique properties

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7
Q

How many naturally occurring elements does earth have

A

92

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8
Q

Define mixture

A

2 or more substances physically combined

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9
Q

What makes up 95% of the human body

A

Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen

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10
Q

Define chemical bonds

A

attractions of atoms

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11
Q

Define nucleus

A

central positively charged area

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12
Q

Describe the subatomic particles in the nucleus

A

protons: +, in the nucleus
neutrons: neutral, in the nucleus
electrons: -, outside the nucleus

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13
Q

Define atomic number

A

number of protons

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14
Q

Define atomic weight

A

protons + neutrons

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15
Q

Define valence

A

outermost electrons

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16
Q

How many electrons do elements want in their outer layer

A

8

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17
Q

Define ions

A

charged atoms

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18
Q

Define ionic bond

A

transfer of electrons

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19
Q

Define covalent bond

A

sharing of electrons

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20
Q

Define polar

A

charged

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21
Q

Define hydrogen bond

A

positive hydrogen attracts to negative oxygen

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22
Q

True or False: Hydrogen bonds give water most of its properties

A

True

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23
Q

Define isotopes

A

same number of protons but different number of neutrons

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24
Q

Define unstable

A

breaks down

25
Q

Describe tracers

A

can be used to treat cancer

26
Q

Define molecule

A

2 or more atoms bond

27
Q

whats the difference between molecular formula and structural formula

A

m- gives formula

s- gives where its located

28
Q

define chemical reactions

A

changes composition

29
Q

List the types of chemical reactions

A

synthesis
decomposition
exchange reaction
reversible

30
Q

Define catalyst

A

speeds up chemical reactions

31
Q

Define electrolytes

A

ions

32
Q

What does the pH scale do

A

measures hydrogen ion concentration

33
Q

Describe the pH scale

A

0-6.9: acidic
7- neutral
7.1-14 - basic

34
Q

Define organic and inorganic

A

o- contain carbon

i- doesn’t contain carbon

35
Q

Define water

A

most abundant compound in living materials

36
Q

how much of your body is made up of water

A

60-80%

37
Q

Define solvent

A

dissolves other substances

38
Q

define solute

A

substance that is dissoved

39
Q

Waht do we need oxygen for

A

burn fuel

40
Q

what do we need carbon dioxide for

A

waste

41
Q

what do we need salts for

A

form ions

42
Q

Give 2 facts about carbohydrates

A

provide energy

help build cell structures

43
Q

True or False: carbs consist of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

A

True

44
Q

What is the ratio of carbon hydrogen and oxygen

A

1:2:1

45
Q

What are monosaccharides

A

simple sugars

46
Q

What are disaccharides

A

double sugars

47
Q

what are polysaccharides

A

many sugars

48
Q

Give 2 facts about lipids

A

made of 3 chains

building blocks

49
Q

Define saturated

A

all single bonds

50
Q

Define unsaturated

A

double bonds

51
Q

Give an example of a steroid

A

hormones

52
Q

Give 2 facts about proteins

A

energy sources

many functions

53
Q

What do enzymes do

A

speed up reactions

54
Q

How many different kinds of amino acids are there

A

20

55
Q

Give 2 facts about nucleic acids

A

form genes

has two types

56
Q

List the two types of nucleic acids

A

DNA

RNA

57
Q

Define ATP

A

energy molecule

58
Q

Define proin

A

protein that can assume a dozen or more different conformations

59
Q

Give an example of a proin

A

mad cow disease

Human Anatomy (8 decks)

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