Chapter 2 Chemistry

Question 1

List and describe the two properties of matter

Answer 1

extensive properties- depends on the amount of matter

intensive properties- depends on type of matter

Question 2

Define substance

Answer 2

has a set chemical formula

Question 3

Define physical property and give an example

Answer 3

ability to change the appearance

ex. color

Question 4

List and describe the states of matter

Answer 4

solid- has definite shape and volume
liquid- definite volume but not shape
gas- no definite shape or volume

Question 5

Which two states of matter flow

Answer 5

liquid and gas

Question 6

which state takes the shape of the container

Answer 6

liquid

Question 7

Define vapor

Answer 7

gaseous state of a substance that is a liquid or solid at room temp.

Question 8

Define physical change and give an example

Answer 8

changes the appearance of substance

ex. boiling

Question 9

Define the phase changes

Answer 9

boiling- liquid to gas
condensation- gas to liquid
freezing- liquid to solid
melting- solid to liquid

Question 10

List, describe, and give an example of the two types of physical changes

Answer 10

1. reversible- can go back to beginning, melting

2. irreversible- can’t go back to beginning, cutting

Question 11

List, describe, and give an example of the two types of mixtures

Answer 11

Heterogeneous- composition is not uniform, concrete

Homogeneous- composition is uniform throughout, vinegar

Question 12

What is another name for a homogeneous mixture

Answer 12

solution

Question 13

Define phase

Answer 13

has the same properties throughout

Question 14

Define filtration

Answer 14

separates a solid from a liquid

Question 15

Define distilation

Answer 15

boiling a liquid to produce a vapor that is condensed back into a liquid

Question 16

True of False: no two substances have the same boiling points

Answer 16

True

Question 17

Define element

Answer 17

simplest form of matter that has its own unique properties

Question 18

Define compound

Answer 18

2 or more elements that are chemically combined

Question 19

Define chemical change-

Answer 19

changes the composition

Question 20

Can you go back to the beginning in a chemical change

Answer 20

No

Question 21

If the composition of a material is fixed what is it

Answer 21

a substance

Question 22

If the composition of a material may vary what is it

Answer 22

a mixture

Question 23

How do you write chemical formulas

Answer 23

1st letter is capitalized, 2nd is lower case

Question 24

How do you know if an element is human made

Answer 24

there are 3 letters

Question 25

Define chemical property and give an example

Answer 25

ability to undergo a chemical change, flammability

Question 26

Define chemical reaction

Answer 26

same as chemical change

Question 27

What are the 4 possible clues to a chemical change

Answer 27

transfer of energy
change in color
production of gas
formation of a precipitate

Question 28

Define precipitate

Answer 28

a solid formed from a liquid mixture

Question 29

Define law of conservation of mass

Answer 29

mass cannot be created or destroyed, but can be transferred