Chapter 2: How the legal systems differ within the UK

Question 1

In Scotland, how many levels of courts are there?

Answer 1

In Scotland, there are 4 levels of courts:

1. Justices of the peace
2. Sheriff and summary
3. Sheriff and jury
4. The High Court

Question 2

In Scotland, the first court level is Justices of the peace.

Justices of the peace act in a similar fashion to the what system in England and Wales?

Answer 2

Justices of the peace act in a similar fashion to the Magistrates’ Court system in:

1. England
2. Wales

Question 3

In Scotland, the second court level is Sheriff and summary.

In Sheriff and summary, the sheriff (judge) does what?

Answer 3

In Sheriff and summary, the sheriff (judge) determines:
1. Guilt
Or,
2. Innocence
,as well as presiding over the trial

Question 4

In Scotland, the third court level is Sheriff and jury.

In Sheriff and jury, cases are heard by who?

Answer 4

In Sheriff and jury, cases are heard by:

1. The sheriff (judge)
2. A jury of 15 jurors (members of the public)

Question 5

In Scotland, the fourth court level is the High Court.

The High Court deals with what?

Answer 5

The High Court deals with the most serious cases

Question 6

In civil law, who is the case brought by?

Answer 6

In civil law, the case is brought by:
1. An individual
2. Group
Or,
3. Organisation

Question 7

In criminal law, who is the case brought by?

Answer 7

In criminal law, the case is brought by the CPS on behalf of the state

Question 8

In civil law, what is the decision?

Answer 8

In civil law, the decision is the defendant found:
1. Liable
Or,
2. Not liable
in regard to the issue

Question 9

In criminal law, what is the decision?

Answer 9

In criminal law, the decision is the defendant is:
1. Convicted if guilty
Or,
2. Acquitted if not guilty

Question 10

Acquitted

Answer 10

Acquitted is to free (someone) from a criminal charge by a verdict of not guilty

Question 11

In civil law, what is the proof required?

Answer 11

In civil law, the proof required is preponderance of evidence

Question 12

In criminal law, what is the proof required?

Answer 12

In criminal law, the proof required is beyond reasonable doubt

Question 13

In civil law, what is the burden of proof?

Answer 13

In civil law, the burden of proof is that the claimant must give proof of the claim

Question 14

In criminal law, what is the burden of proof?

Answer 14

In criminal law, the burden of proof is that the accused is innocent until proven guilty

Question 15

In civil law, what is the punishment?

Answer 15

In civil law, the punishment is:
1. Damages
2. Compensation
Or,
2. An injunction

Question 16

An injunction

Answer 16

An injunction is an order to stop taking an action

Question 17

In criminal law, what is the punishment if found guilty?

Answer 17

In criminal law, the punishment is a:
1. Non-custodial
Or,
2. Custodial
sentence if found guilty

Question 18

In civil law, describe appeals

Answer 18

In civil law, either party can appeal a court’s decision

Question 19

In criminal law, describe appeals

Answer 19

In criminal law, the defendant may appeal a court’s verdict in regard to either the:
1. Verdict
Or,
2. Sentence

Question 20

In Scotland, there are 4 levels of courts: Justices of the peace, Sheriff and summary, Sheriff and jury and the High Court.
What also is there, in Scotland?

Answer 20

In Scotland, there is also the Court of Sessions

Question 21

In Scotland, there are 4 levels of courts: Justices of the peace, Sheriff and summary, Sheriff and jury and the High Court.
In Scotland, there is also the Court of Sessions, which is the highest court, dealing with civil law cases.
What was established in 2015?

Answer 21

In 2015, the Sheriff Appeal Court was established

Question 22

What does Northern Ireland have?

Answer 22

Northern Ireland has its own judicial system

Question 23

Northern Ireland has its own judicial system, which is headed by the Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland.
What is responsible for the administration of the courts?

Answer 23

The Department of Justice is responsible for the administration of the courts

Question 24

Examples of Northern Irelands Court’s are what?

Answer 24

Examples of Northern Irelands Court’s are the:

1. UK Supreme Court
2. Coroners’ Courts
3. Enforcements of Judgments Office

Question 25

Northern Ireland Court structure: | Describe the UK Supreme Court

Answer 25

The UK Supreme Court hears appeals on points of law in cases of major public importance

Question 26

Northern Ireland Court structure: | Describe the Court of Appeal

Answer 26

The Court of Appeal hears appeals on points of law in: 1. Criminal 2. Civil cases from all courts

Question 27

Northern Ireland Court structure: | Describe the Crown Court

Answer 27

The Crown Court hears all serious criminal cases

Question 28

Northern Ireland Court structure: Describe the Coroners' Courts

Answer 28

The Coroners' Courts investigate unexplained deaths

Question 29

Northern Ireland Court structure: Describe the Enforcement of Judgments Office

Answer 29

The Enforcement of Judgments Office enforces civil judgments

Question 30

In Scotland, the second court level is Sheriff and summary. In Sheriff and summary, the sheriff (judge) determines guilt or innocence, as well as presiding over the trial. They can impose a what?

Answer 30

The sheriff (judge) can impose a: 1. Custodial sentence of up to 1 year 2. Fine of up to £10,000

Question 31

In Scotland, the third court level is Sheriff and jury. In Sheriff and jury, cases are heard by the sheriff (judge) and a jury of 15 jurors (members of the public). A Sheriff Court can impose what?

Answer 31

A Sheriff Court can impose a custodial sentence of up to 5 years

Question 32

In Scotland, the fourth court level is the High Court. | The High Court deals with the most serious cases, such as what?

Answer 32

The High Court deals with the most serious cases, such as: 1. Murder 2. Rape 3. Armed robbery

Question 33

In Scotland, the fourth court level is the High Court. The High Court deals with the most serious cases, such as murder, rape and armed robbery. Cases are presided over by who?

Answer 33

Cases are presided over by a single judge

Question 34

In Scotland, the fourth court level is the High Court. The High Court deals with the most serious cases, such as murder, rape and armed robbery. Cases are presided over by a single judge and tried by who?

Answer 34

Cases are: 1. Presided over by a single judge 2. Tried by a jury of 15 people

Question 35

In criminal law, the decision is the defendant is convicted if guilty, or acquitted if not guilty. It is decided by who?

Answer 35

It is decided by: 1. A jury Or, 2. Magistrates

Question 36

In civil law, the proof required is preponderance of evidence. The evidence must be produced to what?

Answer 36

The evidence must be produced to support the claim

Question 37

In criminal law, the burden of proof is that the accused is innocent until proven guilty. The prosecution must do what?

Answer 37

The prosecution must prove their case

Question 38

In criminal law, the burden of proof is that the accused is innocent until proven guilty. The prosecution must prove their case and the accused does not have to do what?

Answer 38

The: 1. Prosecution must prove their case 2. Accused does not have to prove their innocence

Question 39

In criminal law, the defendant may appeal a court's verdict in regard to either the verdict, or the sentence. It is now possible for the state to ask for what?

Answer 39

It is now possible for the state to ask for the sentence to be reviewed

Question 40

In Scotland, there are 4 levels of courts: Justices of the peace, Sheriff and summary, Sheriff and jury and the High Court. In Scotland, there is also the Court of Sessions, which is what?

Answer 40

In Scotland, there is also the Court of Sessions, which is the highest court

Question 41

In Scotland, there are 4 levels of courts: Justices of the peace, Sheriff and summary, Sheriff and jury and the High Court. In Scotland, there is also the Court of Sessions, which is the highest court, dealing with what?

Answer 41

In Scotland, there is also the Court of Sessions, which is the highest court, dealing with civil law cases

Question 42

In Scotland, there are 4 levels of courts: Justices of the peace, Sheriff and summary, Sheriff and jury and the High Court. In Scotland, there is also the Court of Sessions, which is the highest court, dealing with civil law cases. In 2015, the Sheriff Appeal Court was established to do what?

Answer 42

In 2015, the Sheriff Appeal Court was established to hear appeals from the: 1. Sheriff 2. Justice of the Peace Courts

Question 43

In Scotland, there are 4 levels of courts: Justices of the peace, Sheriff and summary, Sheriff and jury and the High Court. In Scotland, there is also the Court of Sessions, which is the highest court, dealing with civil law cases. In 2015, the Sheriff Appeal Court was established to hear appeals from the Sheriff and Justice of the Peace Courts. The hearings take place before who?

Answer 43

``` The hearings take place before: 1. 2 Or, 2. 3 appeal sheriffs ```

Question 44

In Scotland, there are 4 levels of courts: Justices of the peace, Sheriff and summary, Sheriff and jury and the High Court. In Scotland, there is also the Court of Sessions, which is the highest court, dealing with civil law cases. In 2015, the Sheriff Appeal Court was established to hear appeals from the Sheriff and Justice of the Peace Courts. The hearings take place before 2, or 3 appeal sheriffs. In 2016, it is expected to deal with what as well?

Answer 44

In 2016, the Court of Sessions is expected to deal with civil case appeals as well

Question 45

Northern Ireland has its own judicial system, which is headed by who?

Answer 45

Northern Ireland has its own judicial system, which is headed by the Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland