Chapter 2: Expectations and Bias Flashcards

1
Q

Hawthorne effect:

A

Behaviour changes under observation.

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2
Q

Demand characteristics:

A

Participants behave as they think they should when they are being observed.

They can guess the hypothesis of the study and behave as expected.

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3
Q

Demand characteristics: Prevention methods

A
  1. Deception (and debriefs after the study)
  2. Naturalistic observation
  3. Participants participate anonymously.
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4
Q

Observer bias:

A

Tendency for observer’s expectations to influence both what they believe they observed and what actually happened.

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5
Q

Observer bias: Prevention methods: Double-blind study:

A

Researchers don’t have any expectations on behaviour. Participants do not know what is being studied/ observed.

A study where the researchers nor the participants know how the participants are going to behave.

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