Chapter 2 - Ethics & Social Responsibility

Question 1

Terminal values

Answer 1

Focus on desired ends or what someone wants to achieve. (self respect, wealth, happiness) .. broad values

Question 2

Instrumental values

Answer 2

Focus on the means one is willing to use to accomplish desired ends. (Honesty in a relationship, ambition, courage, imagination, self- discipline)
- Sub values that take us to the terminal values

Question 3

Who separated values into terminal and instrumental

Answer 3

Rapiche

Question 4

Individualism view

Answer 4

Long-term self interests

Question 5

Utilitarian view

Answer 5

Greatest good for the most people

Question 6

Justice view

Answer 6

People being treated fair and impartial

Question 7

List the 4 types of Justices

Answer 7

Procedural
Distributive
Interactional
Commutative

Question 8

Procedural justice

Answer 8

Rules are fair

- Focuses on the fair application of policies and rules

Question 9

Distributive justice

Answer 9

How people are treated fairly

- Focuses on treating people the same regardless of personal characteristics

Question 10

Interactional justice

Answer 10

In interactions, are they treated fair?

- The degree to which others are treated w/ dignity and respect

Question 11

Commutative justice

Answer 11

Transactions are fair

- Focuses on the fairness of exchanges or transactions

Question 12

Moral rights view

Answer 12

Fundamental rights of all human beings “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness”
- Respect/protect fundamental rights

Question 13

Cultural relativism

Answer 13

There isn’t ‘one’ right way to behave. Cultural context determines ethical behavior.

Question 14

Moral absolutism

Answer 14

Ethical standards apply universally across all cultures and national boundaries.
- There’s certain absolute truths
- Universal values transcend cultures
Critics say this is a form of Ethical imperialism

Question 15

Kohlberg’s stages of moral development

Answer 15

6 stages 3 levels

Question 16

Immoral managers

Answer 16

Chooses to behave unethically

Question 17

Amoral manager

Answer 17

Unintentionally fails to consider ethics

Question 18

Moral manager

Answer 18

Makes ethical behavior a personal goal

Question 19

7 steps to take an ethical dilemma

Answer 19

Step 6 Includes the “spotlight questions”

Question 20

Ethical behavior

Answer 20

Derived from strong values that are developed from social norms and expectations

• Values drive ethical behavior
• Values driven

Question 21

Ethical dilemmas

Answer 21

Tests of personal ethics and values. Tend to rationalize unethical behavior.
- Situation that although offering potential benefit or gain is also unethical

Question 22

Ethics

Answer 22

Code of moral principles that sets standards of good or bad or right/wrong conduct

Question 23

Values

Answer 23

Underlying beliefs and judgements regarding what is right or desirable and that influence individual attitudes and behaviors

Question 24

Ethical Imperialism

Answer 24

An attempt to impose one’s ethical standards on other cultures

Question 25

Thomas Donaldson

Answer 25

Doesn’t agree with both cultural relativism and moral absolute. Donaldson states that fundamental human rights & ethical standards can still be preserved while values and traditions of a local culture are respected.

Question 26

People have tendencies to rationalize unethical behavior

Answer 26

True

Question 27

Ethical frameworks

Answer 27

Well thought out personal rules and strategies for ethical decision making (help us act consistently and confidently)

Question 28

Name the 3 levels of Kohlberg’s moral development

Answer 28

Post-conventional level
Conventional level
Pre-conventional level

Question 29

Post-conventional level

Answer 29

Principle centered behavior
Act according to internal principles
Live up to societal expectations

Question 30

Conventional level

Answer 30

Social centered behavior

• Follow rules, meet obligations
• Act w/ peers/others

Question 31

Pre-conventional level

Answer 31

Self centered behavior

• Make deals for personal gain
• Avoid harm or punishment

Question 32

Transparency surrounding decision making is prevalent today

Answer 32

True

Question 33

Social responsibility

Answer 33

An organizations obligation to best serve society

Question 34

Social responsibility audits

Answer 34

measure the social performance pf organizations in areas of corporate social responsibility. (economic, legal, ethic and discretionary)

Question 35

Triple bottom line

Answer 35

How well an organization performs when measured based on financial, social & environmental criteria
- 3P’s = profit, people, planet

Question 36

Corporate social responsibility

Answer 36

The obligation of an organization to serve its own interest & those of its stakeholders

Question 37

Classical view of CSR

Answer 37

Business should focus on the pursuit of profits

Question 38

Socioeconomic view of CSR

Answer 38

Business should focus on contributions to society, not just making profits

Question 39

Shared value view of CSR

Answer 39

Economic gains & social progress are interconnected. (obligation to “give back”)

Question 40

Social development

Answer 40

Making use of environmental resources to support societal needs today while also preserving the environment for future generations use.

Question 41

Broad beliefs such as honesty, caring nature, and integrity are called..

Answer 41

Values

Question 42

Beliefs that good grades are obtained through x, y, z are examples of

Answer 42

Instrumental values