Chapter 2 - Chemistry and Molecules of Life Flashcards
1
Q
What is matter?
A
anything that takes up space/has mass
2
Q
What are elements?
A
pure substances that cannot be broken down
3
Q
What are compounds?
A
elements combined in a fixed ratio
4
Q
What are atoms?
A
units that cannot be broken down, what elements consist of
5
Q
Nucleus
A
dense core
6
Q
Protons
A
positive charge
7
Q
Electrons
A
negative charge
8
Q
Neutrons
A
electrically uncharged/neutral
9
Q
Atomic Number
A
equals the number of protons
10
Q
Atomic Mass
A
number of protons plus number of neutrons
11
Q
What is an isotope?
A
alternative mass forms of an element
- same number of protons and electrons
- different number of neutrons
12
Q
What is an ion?
A
electrically charged atom
13
Q
Ionic Bonds
A
attraction of opposite charges holding atoms together
- transfer of electrons from one atom to another
- -> become ions because the atoms are no longer neutral
14
Q
Arrangement of Electrons
A
- constantly moving
- 2 on inner shell, 8 on outer (valence) shell
- filling outer shell=not reactive
15
Q
Ionic Bonds
A
attraction of opposite charges hold atoms together
- transfer of 1 or more electrons from one atom to another
- strong