Chapter 2 Chapter Test Flashcards
Molecules are made of of particles called
Atoms
Positively charged particles within the nucleus of an atom
Protons
Electrons inhabit regions of the atom called
Energy levels
Substances sighing molecules having more than one kind of atom are called
Compounds
A _____ chemical bond occurs when atoms share electrons
Covalent
The symbol K+ represents the potassium
Ion
A compiling that dissociates in water to form ions is called
An electrolyte
Molecules that have a carbon-carbon bond
Organic
In saltwater salt is the solute and water is the
Solvent
When water is used to build up small molecules into larger molecules
Dehydration synthesis
Solutions that have an excess of hydrogen ions
Acid
Blood contains chemicals that help to maintain pH
Buffers
Example of glycogen
Carbohydrate
Example of collagen
Protein
Example of RNA
Nucleic acid
Example of cholesterol
Lipid
Example of NaCl
Salt
Example of NaOH
Base
Example of HCL
Acid
Ion is formed when
Electrons are gained or lost
Steroid hormones are
Lipids
_____ and ______ are two fat based molecules that make up part of the structure of the plasma membrane
Phospholipid and cholesterol
A term that refers to small structures inside the cell
Organelles
______ is the movement of substances across a cell membrane using cell energy whereas ____ is the movement of substance across the cell membrane without using cell energy
Active transport; passive transport
______ refers to the movement of fluids or dissolved molecules into the cell by trapping them in the plans membrane
Phagocytosis
____ and ______ are two nucleic acids that are involved in transcription.
DNA and mRNA
Process of protein synthesis that uses the info in mRNA to build a protein molecule
Translation
______ is the process that forms the mRNA molecule
Transcription
Segment of base pairs in a chromosome
Gene
Total genetic package in a cell
Genome
4 main types of tissue in the body
Epithelial, nerve, connective and muscle
Specialized forms of diffusion
Filtration
A long cell projection used to propel sperm cells
Flagella
Bags of digestive enzymes found in the cell
Lysosomes
Tubelike passages that carry substances through the cytoplasm
ER
Short hair like structures on the free surface of some cells
Cilia
Chemically process and package substances from the ER
Golgi apparatus
Directs protein synthesis
Nucleus
Protein factories in the cell
Ribosome
Helps in the formation of ribosomes
Nucleoli
Powerhouse of the cell
Mitochondria
Anything that occupies space and has mass
Matter
