Chapter 2 Chapter Test Flashcards

1
Q

Molecules are made of of particles called

A

Atoms

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2
Q

Positively charged particles within the nucleus of an atom

A

Protons

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3
Q

Electrons inhabit regions of the atom called

A

Energy levels

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4
Q

Substances sighing molecules having more than one kind of atom are called

A

Compounds

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5
Q

A _____ chemical bond occurs when atoms share electrons

A

Covalent

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6
Q

The symbol K+ represents the potassium

A

Ion

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7
Q

A compiling that dissociates in water to form ions is called

A

An electrolyte

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8
Q

Molecules that have a carbon-carbon bond

A

Organic

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9
Q

In saltwater salt is the solute and water is the

A

Solvent

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10
Q

When water is used to build up small molecules into larger molecules

A

Dehydration synthesis

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11
Q

Solutions that have an excess of hydrogen ions

A

Acid

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12
Q

Blood contains chemicals that help to maintain pH

A

Buffers

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13
Q

Example of glycogen

A

Carbohydrate

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14
Q

Example of collagen

A

Protein

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15
Q

Example of RNA

A

Nucleic acid

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16
Q

Example of cholesterol

A

Lipid

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17
Q

Example of NaCl

A

Salt

18
Q

Example of NaOH

A

Base

19
Q

Example of HCL

A

Acid

20
Q

Ion is formed when

A

Electrons are gained or lost

21
Q

Steroid hormones are

A

Lipids

22
Q

_____ and ______ are two fat based molecules that make up part of the structure of the plasma membrane

A

Phospholipid and cholesterol

23
Q

A term that refers to small structures inside the cell

A

Organelles

24
Q

______ is the movement of substances across a cell membrane using cell energy whereas ____ is the movement of substance across the cell membrane without using cell energy

A

Active transport; passive transport

25
Q

______ refers to the movement of fluids or dissolved molecules into the cell by trapping them in the plans membrane

A

Phagocytosis

26
Q

____ and ______ are two nucleic acids that are involved in transcription.

A

DNA and mRNA

27
Q

Process of protein synthesis that uses the info in mRNA to build a protein molecule

A

Translation

28
Q

______ is the process that forms the mRNA molecule

A

Transcription

29
Q

Segment of base pairs in a chromosome

A

Gene

30
Q

Total genetic package in a cell

A

Genome

31
Q

4 main types of tissue in the body

A

Epithelial, nerve, connective and muscle

32
Q

Specialized forms of diffusion

A

Filtration

33
Q

A long cell projection used to propel sperm cells

A

Flagella

34
Q

Bags of digestive enzymes found in the cell

A

Lysosomes

35
Q

Tubelike passages that carry substances through the cytoplasm

A

ER

36
Q

Short hair like structures on the free surface of some cells

A

Cilia

37
Q

Chemically process and package substances from the ER

A

Golgi apparatus

38
Q

Directs protein synthesis

A

Nucleus

39
Q

Protein factories in the cell

A

Ribosome

40
Q

Helps in the formation of ribosomes

A

Nucleoli

41
Q

Powerhouse of the cell

A

Mitochondria

42
Q

Anything that occupies space and has mass

A

Matter