Chapter 2- Cell Division

Question 1

How long does the cell stay in interphase?

Answer 1

90%

Question 2

How long does the cell spend in nuclear division?

Answer 2

10%

Question 3

What does the cell do in interphase?

Answer 3

It does it function, and goes through apoptosis If necessary

Question 4

What are genes?

Answer 4

Genes are a short section of DNA and carry genetic code as well as the fact they are specific proteins, specifying the order of the amino acids. The DNA are large and complex molecules.

Question 5

What is apoptosis?

Answer 5

Where the cell virtually commits suicide because they are not doing their jobs correctly.

Question 6

What is mitosis?

Answer 6

Cell division is the process of growth and division. This equals the cell cycle. Mitosis happens when more cells are needed. It is important because it helps us out to do is function.

Question 7

Describe in detail the process of cell division by mitosis (six mark question)

Answer 7

DNA replicates within the nucleus. The nucleus breaks down and a set of chromosomes is pulled to each end of the cell nucleus is reforms.

Question 8

What is growth?

Answer 8

The increase in the cell number or size. Places lost or destroyed cells. It is irreversible.

Question 9

What is differentiation?

Answer 9

Less specialised cells develop into more mature specialised cells.

Question 10

What is plant differentiation?

Answer 10

Most plant cells can differentiate into anything.

Question 11

What is animal differentiation?

Answer 11

Not all cells; just stem cells.

Question 12

Animal growth

Answer 12

Increase in amount of cells

Question 13

Plant growth

Answer 13

Making cells bigger

Question 14

What causes cancer?

Answer 14

Cancer is caused by the cells going through mitosis too much, so there are too many cells and they travel around the body in the wrong areas. This means that the cells spend too long dividing are not long enough actually done the function.

Question 15

Why do people lose their hair in chemo?

Answer 15

The chemo targets the cells that divide a lot, which is generally bad, but the target the house ourselves because they divide a lot to

Question 16

What are the advantages of a cell going through the cell cycle in a short time?

Answer 16

That means they are quick to repair damages

Question 17

What do you scientist call organisms which are produced by one parent in which all look the same?

Answer 17

Clones

Question 18

Why do plants produced by this method all look the same?

Answer 18

They have the same DNA and they were grown under the same conditions

Question 19

One condition that would help cuttings to grow?

Answer 19

Warmth

Question 20

Where do you stem cells come from?

Answer 20

Vital organs

Question 21

Why do adult stem cells come from?

Answer 21

Bone marrow, liver, heart etc

Question 22

Name for Communicable diseases

Answer 22

Measles, smallpox, athletes foot, cancer.

Question 23

Name for noncommunicable diseases

Answer 23

Asthma, depression, cardiovascular disease, influenza.

Question 24

How are pathogens spread in animals and plants?

Answer 24

By air, direct contact, by water

Question 25

What is microbe?

Answer 25

A pathogen that causes disease. (Microorganisms)

Question 26

What is… Phagocytosis?

Answer 26

They engulf the pathogens

Question 27

What are… Lymphocytes?

Answer 27

They are white blood cells. They reproduce very quickly and destroy pathogens.

Question 28

Production of antibodies; Lymphocytes

Answer 28

The lymphocytes which are a type of white blood cells produce antibodies which are complimentary in the shape of the antigen. It breaks down the antigen which attaches onto the pathogen

Question 29

Explain more about phagocytes engulfing the pathogens

Answer 29

Engulf does not mean eat. The phagocyte is a type of red blood cell.

Question 30

What do you white blood cells produce?

Answer 30

They produce antitoxins. The antitoxins neutralise the affect the WBCS complement the antigens