chapter 15- genetics and evolution Flashcards
who was Gregor Mendel?
a monk who came up with the idea of recessive and dominate genes, DNA and alleles through his studying of pea plants. He published his work after Charles Darwin published his first book, “the origin or species”
what was Charles Darwin’s theory?
he talked about how all organisms come from one simple organism, and evolved from their by natural selection. an example of this is the finches on the Galapagos islands, as he found on each island they had specified theirselves to be able to eat the food that is available. it wasn’t accepted at the beginning, because it goes against what is says in Genesis 1, that God created the world perfect, also there wasn’t enough evidence for other scientists to support the theory.
what was Alfred Wallace’s theory?
about the process of specification. firstly, a population gets isolated. then the population will adapt to their new environment, so they survive. this makes their genes, and therefore alleles change. therefore, their gametes are so different that if the two populations came back together, then they wouldn’t be able to breed.
what was Lamarck’s theory?
he believed that a giraffe has a long neck because it stretched up through its life, and this new adaption gets passes onto its ancestors. although, this theory is not true because it is an environmental factor, and therefore won’t change the alleles.
