Chapter 2 : Cell Biology and Organisation

Question 1

Organelles :

Answer 1

structure that has its own membrane and performs specific functions .

Question 2

Cytoplasm :

Answer 2

Everything inside the plasma membrane .

Doesn’t include nucleus .

Question 3

Does onion cells contain chloroplasts ?

Answer 3

No , no photosynthesis is involved .

Question 4

Plasma Membrane (characteristics) :

T__ , S___ , Elas__ layer

Answer 4

Thin , strong , elastic layer .

Question 5

Plasma Membrane (characteristics) :

Made up of ____

Answer 5

Made up of phospholipid and protein molecules .

Question 6

Plasma Membrane (characteristics) :

Se____-Per_____ membrane

Answer 6

Semi-permeable membrane . only let few things go through.

Question 7

Functions of plasma membrane :

Control _____ movement ___

Answer 7

Control the movement of substances in and out of the cell .

Question 8

Function of plasma membrane :

Separate content of ___

Answer 8

Separate content of cell from the external environment

Question 9

Cytoplasm (characteristics) :

consist Jelly-like ___ contains

Answer 9

consists of jelly-like substances that contains water and mineral salts

Question 10

Cytoplasm (characteristics) :

contain ____

Answer 10

Contain organelles

Question 11

Functions of cytoplasm :

tips : me__ meta___ re__

Answer 11

medium for metabolic reactions

Metabolism is the chemical reaction in the body that changes food into energy .

Question 12

Cell Wall (characteristics) :
S___ and rigid out_____ .
Fully P____
Made from Ce___

Answer 12

Strong and rigid outer layer .
Fully Permeable .
Made from cellulose fibre .

Question 13

Function of cell wall :

Answer 13

Maintain shape of plant cell.
Provide support for plant cell .
Prevent plant cell from bursting.

Question 14

Function of Rough ER

Answer 14

Transport proteins that are synthesised by ribosomes .

Question 15

Function of smooth ER

Answer 15

Synthesis of lipid and cholesterol and transporting them .

Detoxification of drugs and metabolic by-products .

Question 16

Which place has a lot of smooth ER ?

Answer 16

Liver cells contain lots of smooth endoplasmic reticulum for detoxification of drugs and poison.

Question 17

Ribosomes :

Answer 17

Small granules that contains proteins and RNA ( ribonucleic acid) .
Exists freely in the cytoplasm or on the surface of rough ER .

Question 18

Functions of ribosomes :

Answer 18

Synthesis of protein

Question 19

Organelles that has double membrane :

Answer 19

Nucleus
Chloroplast
Mitochondrion

Question 20

Nucleus (plural nuclei) :

Answer 20

Largest component in the cell
Spherical with a double membrane
contains nucleolus , chromosomes, nuclear membrane and nucleoplasm.

Question 21

Function of nucleus :

Answer 21

Controls activities of the cell
Has chromosomes that contains DNA
( deoxyribonucleic acid )