Chapter 2 (1.2) : Cell Biology and Organisation

Question 1

Mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) :

Answer 1

Rod-shaped with two layers of membrane

Outer layer is smooth while inner layer is folded to increase surface area .

Question 2

Functions of mitochondrion :

Answer 2

generates energy in the form of ATP
molecules ( adenosine triphosphate )

Site of aerobic respiration to release energy

found abundantly in muscle/sperm cells

Question 3

Golgi apparatus :

Answer 3

Stacks of parallel flattened sacs with vesicles budding off at its end

Has many secretory vesicles around it

Question 4

Function of Golgi apparatus :

Answer 4

Processes, modifies, packs and transports
chemicals such as protein, carbohydrates, and glycoprotein.

Receives protein and lipid from the endoplasmic reticulum and modifies them to form specific secretions such as enzymes and hormones

Question 5

Lysosome

Answer 5

Contains hydrolytic enzyme

Question 6

Function of lysosome

Answer 6

The enzyme breaks down organic compounds such as proteins and lipids

Contains enzymes that digest bacteria and damaged cell components

Question 7

Centriole :

Answer 7

Consist of two cylindrical structures arranged at right angles to one another

Found only in animal cells

Question 8

Function of centriole

Answer 8

Forms spindle fibre during cell division in animal cells