Chapter 2: Body Systems Flashcards
Body Structure, Color, and Oncology
Integumentary System
Composed of skin, nails, and glands. Forms a protective covering for the body, regulates body temperature, and helps manufacture vitamin D.
Respiratory System
Composed of nose, pharynx (throat), larynx (voice box), trachea (windpipe), bronchial tubes, and lungs. Performs respiration, which provides for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the body.
Urinary System
Composed of kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Removes waste material (urine) from the body, regulates fluid volume, and maintains electrolyte concentration.
Reproductive System
Female reproductive system is composed of ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, and mammary glands. Male reproductive system is composed of testes, urethra, penis, prostate gland, and associated tubes. Responsible for heredity and reproduction.
Cardiovascular System
Composed of the heart and blood vessels. Pumps and transports blood throughout the body.
Lymphatic System
Composed of a network of vessels, ducts, nodes, and organs. Provides for defense against infection and drainage of extracellular fluid.
Digestive System
Composed of the gastrointestinal tract which includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, and anus, plus accessory organs, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. Prepares food for use by the body cells and eliminates waste.
Musculoskeletal System
Composed of muscle, bones, and joints. Provides movement and framework for the body, protects vital organs such as the brain, stores calcium, and produces red blood cells.
Nervous System
Composed of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Regulates specific body activities by sending and receiving messages.
Endocrine System
Composed of glands that secrete hormones. Hormones regulate many specific body activities.
