Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology Year 1 > Chapter 2 ~ Basic Components Of Living Systems > Flashcards

Chapter 2 ~ Basic Components Of Living Systems Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does cell theory state?

A

Both animals and plant tissues are composed of cells
Cells are the basic unit of life
Cells only developed from existing cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Explain what light microscope are

A

They use light to magnify objects. They have two lenses and objective lens which is near the specimen this magnifies the sample and the eyepiece lens where the specimen is viewed from which further magnifies.X

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What night microscopes used to view?

A

Whole cell or tissues as well as living cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Explain electron microscopes

A

They use a beam of electrons
They have more detail on cell ultra structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the two types of electron microscope?

A

Transmission electron microscope
Scanning electron microscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Explain transmission electron microscope

A

Visualises individual organ using electron magnets to focus a beam of electrons at sample

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Explain scanning electron microscope

A

It produces 3-D images of cells and organelles. It is done by emitting the beam of electrons towards the sample electrons which is used to build a image

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which one has higher resolution?

A

Transmission electron microscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which one has higher resolution?

A

Transmission electron microscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Steps for calibration

A
  1. Place the stage micrometre on the stage and focused the lens so that you can clearly see the divisions.
  2. align the eyepiece graticule with the stage micrometre
  3. Each division of the stage micrometre is 0.1mm
  4. The gratitude is divided by a scale from 0 to 100
  5. Take away the stage micrometre and add the sample using the IPP gratitude to measure its size
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the formula for magnification?

A

Size of image divided by size of object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the definition for magnification?

A

How many times larger the images than the actual size of the object being viewed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the definition of resolution and what type of microscope has a higher resolution?

A

Resolution is the ability to see individual objects as separate entities
Like microscopes have a much lower resolution so produce less detailed images

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the four methods of preparing sample?

A

Dry mount
Wet mount
Squash slide
Smear slide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Explain dry mount

A

Solid specimens of viewed whole or cut into thin
And then the specimen is plates on the centre of a slide with a cover slip above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Explain wet mount

A

A specimen is put into the liquid and a cover slip is placed at an angle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Explain wet mount

A

A specimen is put into the liquid and a cover slip is placed at an angle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Explain squash slide

A

A wet mount is prepared and the lens tissue is pressed down a cover slip is placed and the sample is squashed between two microscope slides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Explain smear slide

A

The edge of a slide is used to smear a sample and into a thin and even coating and then a cover slip is placed over the sample

20
Q

What is differential staining?

A

Which distinguishes between two types of organisms?

21
Q

What does crystal violet and methylene blue do?

A

They stain cell components

22
Q

What does Negro sin and conga red do?p

A

They stain the outside of a cell making the organelle stand out

23
Q

What are eukaryotic cells?

A

Animal and plant cells

24
Q

What are eukaryotic cells?

A

Animal and plant cells

25
Q

Nucleus

A

Controls metabolic activity
Contains DNA, which controls the activities of cell
I

26
Q

Nucleolus

A

Site of ribosome production

27
Q

Nuclear envelope

A

It is a double membrane which surrounds the nucleus containing pores which allows small small molecules to pass into the cytoplasm

28
Q

The rough endoplasmic reticulum

A

It is a series of flat sacs enclosed by a membrane with ribosomes on the surface
It folds and process proteins made on the ribosomes
It contains ribosomes on the cisternae
It is a synthesis and transport of proteins

29
Q

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

It is the system of membrane bound sacks
Produces and processes, lipids
Synthesis of lipids and carbohydrates
Also used as storage

30
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

It is a fluid filled and flattened curve sacks with vehicles around the edges
Processes and packages, proteins and lipid lipids and produces lysosomes

31
Q

Ribosomes

A

Ribosomes are made up of two substance units of proteins and rRNA
It is the side of protein synthesis

32
Q

Where are 80 S ribosomes found

A

Eukaryotic cells

33
Q

Where are 70 S ribosomes found

A

Mitochondria and prokaryotic cells and chloroplast

34
Q

Mitochondria

A

Oval shaped bound by a double membrane called envelope
In a membrane is folded by Cristae with the matrix on the inside containing enzymes needed for respiration
Is used for respiration ATP production

35
Q

Lysosomes

A

Vehicle containing digestive enzymes bounded by a single membrane
It is hydrolytic enzymes which breaks down waste products

36
Q

Chloroplast

A

Double membrane containing thykloids
These are arranged into sacs to form grana linked by lamellae

37
Q

Plasma membrane

A

Phospholipid bilayer which contains cholesterol to regulate membrane fluidity it contains all cell contents and holds the cell together and controls the movement of substances into an out of cells

38
Q

Centrioles

A

Hello, cylinders containing micro tubes
Come compares to form central zones
Involved in production of spindle, fibre and organisation of chromosomes during cell division

39
Q

Cell wall

A

Provides support to cells

40
Q

What is the cell wall made up of in plants fungi and prokaryotes?

A

Implants it is made up of cellulose
In fungi is made of chitin
In prokaryotes it is made up a muriene

41
Q

Lala

A

Is a tail like structure made up of bundles of micro tubes which contract to make it move the self forward?
Mobility

42
Q

Celia

A

Hair like projectors which are either stationary or mobile is found on the epithelial cells lining the trachea and moved to mucus into the windpipe

43
Q

vacuole

A

Membrane line sac in cytoplasm containing cells

44
Q

What are the importance of cytoskeleton?

A

It provides mechanical support
Enable cell transport
Cell movement

45
Q

Similarities and differences of prokaryotes and eukaryotes

A

Prokaryotes have no membrane bound organelles
Prokaryotes have DNA in single circular chromosomes in the form of plasmids
Prokaryotes have 70 S ribosomes and eukaryotes have 80s ribosomes
You carryout are made up of cellulose and chintin where is bacterial cells are made up of miriene
Prokaryote a smaller

Biology Year 1 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions