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Anatomy > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

0
Q

Neutrons

A

No charge

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1
Q

Protons

A

Positively charged

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2
Q

Electrons

A

Negatively charged

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3
Q

Atomic number

A

Number of protons

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4
Q

Nucleus

A

Contains protons and neutrons

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5
Q

Electron cloud

A

Contains electrons

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6
Q

Chemical bonds

A

Involve the sharing, gaining, and losing of electrons in the valence shell

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7
Q

Ionic bonds

A

One gives away an electron and one takes an electron

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8
Q

Covalent bonds

A

Shared electrons: no taking of electrons

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9
Q

Hydrogen bonds

A

Weak polar bonds based on partial electron attractions

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10
Q

Non polar covalent

A

Involve equal sharing of electrons because atoms involved in the bond have equal pull for the electrons.

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11
Q

Polar covalent

A

Involve the un equal sharing of electrons because one of the atoms involved in the bond has a disproportionately strong pull on the electrons

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12
Q

Kinetic energy

A

Energy of motion

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13
Q

Potential energy

A

Stored energy

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14
Q

Chemical energy

A

Potential energy stored in chemical bonds

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15
Q

Decomposition reaction

A

Breaks bonds

16
Q

Synthesis reaction

A

Forms bonds

17
Q

Exchange reaction

A

Decomposition first, then synthesis

18
Q

Reversible reaction

A

CO2 + H2O > < C6 H12 O6 + O2

19
Q

Chemical reactions

A

~Activation energy is the amount of energy needed to get a reaction started.
~Enzymes are protein catalysts that lower the activation energy of reactions.
~You can’t function without enzymes in the body

20
Q

Exergonic (Exothermic) reactions

A

Produce more energy than they use

21
Q

Endergonic (Endothermic) reactions

A

Use more energy than they produce

22
Q

Nutrients

A

Essential molecules obtained from food

23
Q

Metabolites

A

Molecules made or broken down in the body

24
Q

Inorganic compounds

A

Molecules based on carbon + hydrogen.

Carbon dioxide, oxygen, water, etc…

25
Q

Organic compounds

A

Molecules based on carbon + hydrogen.

Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.

26
Q

Solvent

A

Dissolves

27
Q

Solute

A

Dispersed

28
Q

Solubility

A

Waters ability to dissolve a solute in a solvent to make a solution.

29
Q

Reactivity

A

Most body chemistry occurs in water

30
Q

High Heat Capacity

A

Waters ability to absorb + retain heat

31
Q

Lubrication

A

To moisten + reduce friction

32
Q

Hydrophilic

A

Interacts with water

33
Q

Hydrophobic

A

Does not interact with water.

Includes lipids.

34
Q

pH of Human blood

A

Ranges from 7.35 to 7.45

Anatomy (6 decks)

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